Uninhabited US Territories 1 Baker Island 2 Howland

Uninhabited US Territories 1. Baker Island 2. Howland Island 3. Jarvis Island 4. Johnston Atoll

Unit 4 World War 1 and the Roaring 20 s 1. 2. 3. 4. Essential Questions: How and why did the United States take a more active role in world affairs? Why did America enter World War 1? What were the consequences of American intervention in Global affairs? How did the United States change Socially and economically during the 1920 s? What lasting impact did this era have on the country?

America becomes a World Power - the roots of Imperialism - The Evolution of American Foreign policy Traditional American Foreign Policy • Washington’s Farwell Address warns against ‘Foreign entanglements’ • Creates an ‘isolationist’ model … especially concerning European politics Progressive Era • Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson expand the role of the US as a foreign power… especially into Latin America and Asia ($ & military) • (can still be isolationist about entering into conflicts in Europe) • Expansion of the ideas of ‘Manifest Destiny” merged with Social Darwinism Spanish American War of 1898 • US gains influence over Cuba & the Philippines • Annexation of Hawaii quickly follows • US policies seek heavier influence abroad – emerging US Empire

How did America’s Foreign Policy Change over time? • Isolationists Expansionist in certain regions (Asia & Latin America) but still tried to avoid conflict in Europe • US takes on an Old World Power (Spain)

Spanish American War Background – Spain has an “Empire” - Cuba & The Philippines are the Last Remaining Spanish Colonies USA Cuba The Philippines

Causes of Spanish American War Ø Imperialism § A policy of extending a countries influence Ø Social Darwinism § Advocated for a social hierarchy based on Darwin’s theory of evolution Ø Yellow Journalism * “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war William Randolph Hearst Why does the US become involved with Cuba? Ø Militarism 1. Glorification of the ideals of a professional military class 1. Changes in American 2. A policy in which military preparedness is of primary importance Foreign Policy to a state 2. Yellow Journalism - journalism Ø Industrial Revolution § Quickens production & distribution of industrial goods Ø Desire to be a World Power (land) – – Need for new markets to sell goods More land to get raw materials Keep up with European Powers Goals of leadership that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. *US wants to be a World Øhttp: //www. smpl Power!!! anet. com/imperialis m/activity. html

Examples of Yellow Journalism

Two Leader William Mc. Kinley, Jr. (18431901) General Weyler “The Butcher” • In 1896, the Spanish sent "The • 25 th President How did the US media Butcher, " to Cuba • Wanted to avoid war in portray • To prevent the insurrections Cuba General – Weyler built concentration • Weyler? Yellow journalism and camps in which he imprisoned public supported war a large portion of the population • - As an evil leader who In April 1898, President • Under the harsh and Mc. Kinley abandoned his was cruel to the Cuban unsanitary conditions in the failed diplomatic efforts and People and needed to concentration camps, asked Congress for – Cuban prisoners died rapidly, be overthrown permission to intervene in especially from disease Cuba.

Causes of the Spanish American War What happened to the US Maine? At the TIME the US believed that the US had been attacked BUT the Maine really sank b/c of an internal explosion “To Hell with Spain Remember the Maine” • At 9: 40 pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U. S. S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor • 268 men were killed, shocking the American population • What or who caused this explosion? US Navy analyzed the sunken • 1976 ship, decided that the hull blew OUT not IN What happened to the US Maine? http: //www. homeofheroes. com/wallofhonor/ spanish_am/02_maine. html https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 JYFJU 3 Z JLM

Slide Analysis: Headline of the Maine Explosion Analysis Questions: 1. Why is this headline an example of Yellow Journalism? (what is implied in this headline? ) Maine Explosion Caused by Bomb or Torpedo? 2/17/1898 New York World 12

Slide Analysis: Political Cartoon Analysis Questions: 2. How is Spain portrayed in this Political Cartoon? (visuals, what actions have they committed? ) 3. How might this cartoon influence the American Publics’ opinions concerning the sinking of the USS Maine? (think about emotional impact of the picture, actions of the US, etc. ) 13

Analysis Questions: 4. What is the message of this political cartoon? How might it impact American actions?

Thinking Slide: Which of these do you think was most responsible for the nation going to war? Why? Causes of the Spanish American War: ØImperialism ØSocial Darwinism ØYellow Journalism ØMilitarism ØIndustrial Revolution ØDesire to be a World Power (land) ØExplosion of the USS Maine 15

Why is this sometimes Spanish American War called the “splendid little Events: war”? • Manila Bay May 1, 1898 - This was a quick war that America won and this improved American selfconfidence and nationalism Ø Ø Ø “I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one” – Teddy Roosevelt First Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders. “ Stop, drop, that’s how rough riders roll…. . ”(DMX) – Surprise naval attack sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy – Made Americans feel very superior May, 1898: July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders" July 3, 1898: Battle of Santiago Spain's Caribbean fleet destroyed. July 7, 1898: Hawaii annexed July 17, 1898: City of Santiago surrenders to General William Shafter August 12, 1898: Spain signs armistice August 13, 1898: US troops capture Manila

Outcome Ø December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris signed - US annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines. pays Spain an indemnity of $20 million Ø January 23, 1899: Philippines declares itself an independent republic - Led by Emilio Auginaldo, the self-declared Filipino government fights a guerilla war against the US that lasts longer than the Spanish-American War itself. • US defeats Spain & becomes a world power • Teddy Roosevelt elected Vice President in 1900 and becomes President in 1901 when Mc. Kinley is shot • US must decide what to do about Spain’s former colonies (Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Cuba)

What occurs to American foreign policy b/c of this war? • America becomes more willing to involve itself in world affairs and must decide what to do with new territories… *Cuba & the Philippines eventually get independence American Territories (16 total, 5 with people on them – totally over 4 million people) *self-governing sub-national administrative divisions overseen by the US government

Presidential Policies Might, Money and Morals Task: • Roosevelt – Roosevelt Corollary • Read the Quotes and summarize the foreign policy beliefs of the 3 presidents • Analyze the Political Cartoon • Mark the President who would agree with the Foreign Policy statements • Taft – Dollar Diplomacy • Wilson – Moral Diplomacy

Imperialism Mini-Debate What should the US do with the territory that they won from Spain in the Spanish American war? (Cuba, Philippines, & Puerto Rico) Part 1 • 15 minutes – create a list of arguments for your group director to present to the class • 15 minutes – Townspeople get together, – review what each option is – Create a list of questions for each option Part 2 • Each Option group director will present their position and arguments to the class • Townspeople (Judges) can ask questions • Each Option group can give a quick rebuttal (why are the other 2 groups wrong? ) • Townspeople deliberate and give a judgement

Short Answer • Do you think there is any such thing as a "splendid little war"? What other wars might some people remember as "splendid little" ones? Who might think these wars were not so splendid? Who usually suffers most in a war? Who has to bear the long-term effects of a war? • What responsibilities does the press have in terms of how it reports news stories? What are the short-term benefits of exaggerating or fabricating stories to make exciting headlines? What might be some long-term benefits of adhering to the truth? Foxborough History Department 21

American Views on Imperialism - Identifying and Analyzing Arguments - Anti – Imperialism Pro – Imperialism Argument 1 Arguments against imperialism Strengths – Arguments for Imperialism Weaknesses – Strengths – Weaknesses – Argument 2 Arguments against imperialism Strengths – Weaknesses - Argument 2 Arguments for imperialism Strengths – Weaknesses -

Argument Evaluation Strengths Weaknesses • What facts or evidence can • What information is lacking you use to support/ prove for this argument? What facts are missing? • Who supports this position? • What is this argument Are they a trustworthy based on? (beliefs or source or should we be assumptions) aware of bias? • Who supports this position? Are they a trustworthy source or should we be aware of bias? Analyze!

Imperialism – Outcomes & Impact of Spanish-Amer. War 1. Treaty of Paris – ends the War & gives the US the Philippines to annex A. B. C. The Filipinos had hoped for independence Rebelled against the US & the Filipinos relied upon guerrilla warfare The US violently put down the rebellion I. II. Censored the press, created concentration camps, extreme violence 3 yrs, 200, 000 Filipino fighters killed, 5, 000 US soldiers killed, $400 million 2. Philippines moved gradually towards independence - July 4 th, 1946 (after the US has liberated the island from the Japanese after WW 2)

US Intervention in Asia China Japan • Europeans claimed a Spheres of influence (within it’s zone each • Tension between US & Japan increased over immigration policy (Chinese Exclusion Act) & Japan’s growing power in Asia. power had privileged access to Chinese ports & markets) but the US preferred… • Open Door Policy - free trade in China – Prevents European colonies in China – Response: Roosevelt created a new naval force – the Great White Fleet • 16 battleships, sent on a ‘good will cruise’ around the world to demonstrate US naval power

Conclusion – Imperialism What impact do you think Imperialism has had on the US? What impact do you think US Imperialism has had on the World?

World War I - Review Why do you think that this conflict is known as a World War? Events during the War Causes World War I Effects Why might the United States become involved in this European conflict despite their tradition of isolationism? Characteristics of WW 1 (why was this a different ‘type’ of war? )

The Evolution of American Foreign policy Traditional American Foreign Policy • Washington’s Farwell Address warns against ‘Foreign entanglements’ • Creates an ‘isolationist’ model … especially concerning European politics Outbreak of WW 1 in Europe American Imperialism (late 1800 s) • America embraces expansion BUT still has a strong Anti. Imperialist segment in society/ politics • Still trying to avoid conflict with European Nations (except Spain b/c they are very weak) • America returns to policy of Isolationism • = The Policy of remaining apart from the affairs or interest of other groups • Wilson runs on an isolationist platform & promises to stay out of the war in Europe

World War 1 – Causes Summary Long-Term Causes = - Continued increase in tension between European Powers over resources, political powers. - Antiquated view of warfare (belief that war was necessary to make a country stronger) - World War b/c of imperialism & colonialism Causes of the War: -Militarism -Alliance System -Imperialism -Nationalism Trigger Moment: Assassination of archduke Franz Ferdinand of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. • • •

Causes of World War I Long-Term Causes Nationalism Militarism & alliances Industrialism & Imperialism Define: Militarism = technology The belief or desire of a France wanted Germany built up Telegraphs, “Scramble for gov’t that a country land back & military to unify machine guns, Africa” – France should maintain a strong revenge for England & railroads, etc. & Germany Franco-Prussian Germany mademilitary & be prepared to war fought over War competed for bigger, easier, Morocco use it aggressively to Serbs wanted best navy more defend or promote deadly Colonies independence Competing Population provided more national interests from A-H alliances: Triple growth from IR resources & A-H and Ottomans felt threatened by smaller nations declaring independence Alliances (Germany, Italy, A-H) vs. Triple Entente (England, France and Russia) made*Viewpoint for larger of warfare manpower for militaries conflicts significantly different from German modern perspective economy grew https: //www. youtube. com/watch ? v=1 Z 7 ow. NBd 7 W 8 fastest, England felt threatened

Causes of World War I Immediate Causes Domino Effect = Theory that speculated Nationalism that if one country in a region fell/ went to war other countries quickly Serbian nationalists follow. (proposed in S. East assassinated Asia. Franz prior Ferdinand to Vietnam War) & demanded Militarism & alliances Alliance system kicks in and creates a Domino Effect 1 st A-H independence mobilized, 2 nd Why does the war Russia backed Russia begin so quickly? rd the Serbians mobilized, 3 - Technology aided since they were German movement of troops both Slavic mobilized & communication peoples Germany - Breakdown of diplomacy attacked Belgium & France = WAR Industrialism & technology Imperialism Europe Rushes into war: Germany used its railroads to build up forces on Russian border Crossed telegraphs and broken negotiations Competition over colonies & internal borders: A-H gave an ultimatum to Serbians to stop loss of territory Ottomans wanted to fight to regain control of Balkan Peninsula

• Between August 1 and August 6 Germany, Russia, France, A-H and Britain had all declared war on one another. Historians still debate who (nation/leader) or what force caused WWI. Each country pointed their finger at someone else. 1. Examine the cartoon – what does this drawing suggest about the outbreak of WWI? The Outbreak of War

‘The Great War’ – A World War • Allied Powers in Green • Central Powers in Yellow • Neutral Countries in Gray Why is this a WORLD War? - Colonialism/ Imperialism expanded European control and power outside of Europe

Sovereignty • The authority of a state to govern itself • Self-government without interference *Important concept to help explain why the US gets involved in WW 1

US Involvement America was hesitant • Many German-Americans had sympathy for Germany • Irish-Americans did not want to join and help the British But…America joined the Allies for numerous reasons: 1. English-American connection existed 2. Germany’s brutal invasion of Belgium 3. Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare killed American civilians (Lusitania) 4. Zimmerman Note (1917) • Germany wrote to Mexico – ‘fight US and you can get Southwestern lands back. ’ *England intercepted and gave to America, who joined the war Why does the US get involved in in WW 1? - Violations of American sovereignty

The US at War Why is WW 1 a different How did Americans affect the end of WW 1 type of war than Europe and the peace settlements? is used to seeing? Characteristics of the war: - Modern War • Trench Warfare - (new technology & • Stalemate w/ new technology outdated tactics) - Very large scale war • Millions of causalities - Very high Casualties US Involvement • June 1917 – Americans arrive in Europe, participate in • November 1917 – Russian Revolution • March 1918 – Treaty of Brest – Litovsk • November 1918 – Armistice ends the war America Brief (1 year: 1917 -1918) Involvement BUT Big Impact

American Homefront from 1917 -1918 How did the war affect Americans at home? How does the US prepare for Social Change WW 1? • Jobs for women - They Mobilized Very quickly – War production - prepare and organize • Women’s Suffrage – (troops) for active service. 19 th Amendment - Selective Service Act = Draft • Great Migration - Create Federal Gov’t – African Americans move to Northern cities to escape racism Organization to prepare/ unify of the south and to find the country around the war employment in war jobs • effort Mexicans move to America - Bracero Program encourages WIB (shift to war production) – - immigration to help with CPI (unify support for the agricultural production during war) war Mobilization • May 1917 Selective Service Act – draft 2. 8 million, 4 million sent overseas • War Industries Board regulated all wartime Industry • Committee on Public Information worked to convince Americans to support War effort (propaganda w/ advertising) Opposition • German and Irish Americans • Conscientious Objectors (moral or religious beliefs) • Women-Suffragettes

Paris Peace Conference 1919 President Wilson The US Senate Germany What they hoped for: How they reacted to final treaty: Great Britain France Italy Other Nations

Wilson’s 14 Points 14 points 1 2 3 4 5 6 included in the Treaty? How did this pt. influence international diplomacy until the outbreak of WWII? What is the Legacy of this point in the world today?

The End of All Wars: WW 1 and the League of Nations Debate 3 Positions • Ratify the Treaty • Change the Treaty • Reject the Treaty Rebuttal & Undecided Senator’s Questions • Rebuttals – Directly address the other groups’ positions – Explain why these positions are weak and why yours is the stronger position • Undecided Senator's – Ask questions 1 at a time and wait for answers

Paris Peace Conference Wilson’s Peace • Peace without Victory • Open Diplomacy • Freedom of the Seas and Free Trade • End Colonialism • Self Determination Actual Decision • G. B. and France ensure Germans must pay heavy reparations for starting the war • Closed Diplomacy (all discussion happen behind closed doors) • Proposal Fails, each nation wants its own piece of the resource pie • Much of the Middle East is attached to Britain as a Mandate – Difficult to unite diverse ethnic groups… led to unrest and creation of unstable nation states • Ex: Iraq: Eventually leads to the US invasion in 90 s and 2003 Vs. • Clustering of ethnic groups in the Middle East and Europe. Especially if they hate each other Wilson hailed as a hero at the conference – idealistic plan BUT modern liberalistic model is established at conference (Collective Security Model … later becomes the UN)

Effects of the War… the 1920 s What political, economic, an social effects did WW 1 have on the US? Effects • Inflation cause: Impact of WW 1 on US economy directly after the war – Workers strike – Farmers suffer from massive debt – Leads to recession in 1919 – 1920 • Role of Women – Fewer jobs available after war • Influenza pandemic – Killed 50 -100 million people around the world (3 -5% world population) • Massive Social injustice – Rise of Nativism and Terrorism (anarchists)

Differences Governmental Systems USA USSR 1. 2. 3. Why might many Americans have been afraid of the Soviet Communist government?

Differences Governmental Systems United States Democracy – a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. Capitalist – an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision USSR – *formed during WW 1 – Revolution overthrows the Monarch Communism – believes in an economic and social system where property is owned by everyone and the needs of the whole is more important than those of the individual - A Social, Political and Economic system *Communism is Not what the USSR turns into – Gov’t Controls Everything & suppresses all resistance These difference Create a Red Scare to sweep through the United States = fear of communism and a reaction against anyone/ anything that resembles it. * Becomes a Hysteria

Cartoon Analysis Post-War Labor Struggles Why might middle-class and wealthy Americans have a different attitude about labor strikes than workers who walked off their jobs in 1919 and 1920?

Red Scare, the Palmer Raids and Civil Liberties • Essential Question: How did a war fought to ‘save the world for democracy’ end up threatening civil eights in America? The First Red Scare 1919 -1921 - a nation-wide anti-radical hysteria provoked by a fear that a Bolshevik Revolution would happen in the US * Italian Anarchist cared out a series of bombing from April –June 1919… including one at Attorney General A. Mitchel Palmer’s House Palmer Raids - Series of raids and arrests from Nov 1919 – Jan 1920 in which more than 500 foreign citizens were deported (many leftists leaders) Targeted - Labor Groups - Recent European immigrants (southern/ eastern Europeans) - Left-wing political groups http: //www. ushistory. org/us/47 a. asp

WW 1 and It’s Impact on Civil Liberties Review: Constitutional Rights • What are Civil Liberties? Personal guarantees & freedoms that the gov’t cannot abridge, either by law or judicial interpretation • What Constitutional Rights are guaranteed to US Citizens? • Is there ever a time when it would be ok for the Government to reduce or abridge your civil liberties? World War 1 and Civil Liberties • Gov’t Propaganda campaign to ‘sell’ the war to its citizens – CPI (Committee on Public Information) established – War hysteria swept the country = minority group attacked • Legislation to limit freedom of speech & press – Espionage Act of 1917 – Sedition Act of 1918 • Post war Red Scare & Race riots in 1919 -1920 – Ex: Sacco & Vanzetti

Sacco & Vanzetti An Example of the Impact of America’s Post War Fears • Italian-born US anarchists who were convicted of murdering a guard and paymaster on April 15, 1920, in South Braintree, MA. • Both men are convicted of the murder & sentenced to death • Lots of questions about whether they were really guilty (probably not)… and the trial becomes an example of the nativist fear & the Red Scare which is sweeping the US in the wake of WW 1 Still Debated Today

War’s impact on Freedom of Speech Sedition Act of 1918 & Espionage Act of 1917 • Provisions Was only suppose to be Summation: used in “Time of war” but – Covers a broad range of offenses Attorney General Palmer Sedition and Espionage (restricting speech, freedom of expression, favors a peacetime version freedom of opinion) Acts – restricted a & used it as attack anyone – Restricted anything that cast the he views as ‘subversive’ number of freedoms government or the war in a negative light • forbid “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or (Speech, Expression, abusive language” about the US Opinion) and anything • What groups were targeted? that cast gov’t in a – Socialists (or anyone with different political negative light during ideas), Labor Unions, foreigners or recently nationalized citizens… WW 1 How is the Patriot Act similar to the Espionage and Sedition Acts of the WW 1 Era? Compare…

Does your Freedom of Speech change during times of war or national security issues? Schenck v. U. S. 1919 • What did Schenck do to violate the law? • Arguments of both sides? • Outcome? Precedent? http: //www. youtube. com/w atch? v=x. KHndlt 3 RNs Significance of Schenck vs. US? • Ruling establishes that your rights are limited to protect/ ensure the safety of the whole society when there is a CLEAR AND PRESENT DANGER

Red Scare, the Palmer Raids and Civil Liberties • Essential Question: How did a war fought to ‘save the world for democracy’ end up threatening civil eights in America? The First Red Scare 1919 -1921 - a nation-wide anti-radical hysteria provoked by a fear that a Bolshevik Revolution would happen in the US * Italian Anarchist cared out a series of bombing from April –June 1919… including one at Attorney General A. Mitchel Palmer’s House Palmer Raids - Series of raids and arrests from Nov 1919 – Jan 1920 in which more than 500 foreign citizens were deported (many leftists leaders) Targeted - Labor Groups - Recent European immigrants (southern/ eastern Europeans) - Left-wing political groups http: //www. ushistory. org/us/47 a. asp

Review WW 1 Chapter 19 – Review Packet WW 1 - Impact of the War on the Home front 1. Explain the causes of WW 1. 3. How did American involvement impact life at 2. Why did the US enter home for Americans? WW 1? What was controversial about the US 5. How did the US benefit from the outcomes of the war? not entering from 191416? 4. Experiences of American troops during WW 1?

Review WW 1 Chapter 19 – Review Packet Answers: League of Nations 6. What was the result of Congress’s decision not to join the League of Nations? 9. What did Wilson hope to gain at the Paris Peace Conference? What was controversial about how France & GB acted? 10. Impact of Conference on the decades to follow? 6. Without the US’ support of the League the organization is a weak entity that is not able to solve the major issues that come up during the interwar period 9. Wilson hoped to gain a “lasting peace” *Self determination & the League *Controversial b/c France & GB want to punish Germany & gain power in Europe = Opposite of Wilson’s goals 10. Conference fails to solve the problems that started WW 1 and led to these causes reemerging in the 1930 s (aka WW 2).

The 1920 s! • Back to page 9

The 1920 s… A Booming Economy How did the booming economy of the 1920’s lead to changes in American life? Mass Production - Assembly lines - Product prices drop & increased availability = Consumer Revolution Increased Wages Advertising - Created a ‘consumer culture’ that encourages more spending The economy of the 1920 s Installment Buying - Buying on credit Bull Market – A period of rising stock market …

The Story of US and The 1920 s Boom Questions: • Oil • Assembly Line • 1. Automobiles How does Industry change in • Urban Sprawl and Suburbia the 1920 s? • Great Migration/ Chicago Race Riot 1919 • Prohibition Culture • Changes in the role of women • The Harlem Renaissance • A Changing society

The Business of Government in the 1920 s How did Domestic and Foreign Policy change direction under Harding and Coolidge? Harding • Characteristics – Fun loving, not Intellectual, Morally Ambiguous, Campaign promised a return to ‘normalcy’, Died in office • Policies – Raised Tariffs – Pro-Laissez Faire Economics – Signed peace treaties with Germany & Austria, avoided League of Nations • Scandals – Rewarded friends & contributors (the Ohio Gang) w/ positions in gov’t – Teapot Dome scandal (bribery incident to use navy oil reserves for private oil companies) • Gambled away a set of white house china Coolidge • Characteristics – Very Serious, Quiet, Frugal, Governor of Massachusetts… so they named a corner after him • Polices – Small-government conservative, laissez Faire – Signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 (outlawing war) – Signed Indian Citizenship Act 1924 BOTH - Republicans - Pro-Business - Opposed Social Reform Laws… ending Progressivism

Clash of Cultures in the 1920 s • Urban vs. Rural • Modernists vs. Fundamentalist • The New ‘lost’ generation vs. The Old “Old" Culture Conflict in America Webquest "New" Culture Emphasized Production Emphasized Consumption Character Personality Scarcity Abundance Religion Science Idealized the Past Looked to the Future Local Culture Mass Culture Substance Image

Social and Cultural Conflict How did Americans differ on major social and cultural issues in the 1920 s Task: Identify which of the following Viewpoints would match the Old and New Culture. Then place these viewpoints in the correct spaces on the chart on the last page of your web quest packet View Points in America • Evolution – Ex: The Scopes Trial • Prohibition – V 1: Fundamentalists oppose theory of evolution – V 2: Modernists stressed the importance of science, including theory of evolution • Immigration – V 1: others view immigration as essentially ‘American’ – V 2: Nativist’s sought to limit immigration – V 1: ‘Wets’ opposed prohibition – V 2: ‘Drys’ supported prohibition to improve the ‘morality’ of America • Social Changes – V 1: Fundamentalists fought social change – V 2: Modernists accepted social changes

Strengths and Weaknesses of the 1920 s Strengths http: //www. besthistorysites. n et/index. php/americanhistory/1900/roaring-20 s Weaknesses http: //ehistory. osu. edu/osu /mmh/clash/default. htm

Strengths and Weaknesses of the 1920 s Strengths Weaknesses Mass Production/ car industry Abuse of credit and Inflated stock prices Progressive reforms have produced higher wages, safer conditions and shorter work days Red scare targets labor unions as subversive to American Gov’t - Jobs centered on mass production More opportunities in society Conservative backlash against the ‘new woman’ Mass produced goods available to the middle class Illegal drinking and more crime African Americans have more opportunities Cultural renaissance (Harlem Renaissance) KKK largest membership in it’s history Nativism against immigrants

The Century: America’s Time – 1920 -1929 • http: //www. youtube. com/ watch? v=RN 7 fty. Zig. Ys Assessment: Write a short editorial (1 page), either supporting or opposing the actions of Attorney General Palmer.

• http: //historymatters. gmu. edu/d/6613/ • http: //www. besthistorysites. net/index. php/a merican-history/1900/early-imperialism http: //ehistory. osu. edu/osu/mmh/clash/default. htm http: //chnm. gmu. edu/exploring/20 thcentury/freespeech/

Sensational Journalism or Yellow Journalism Activity • Screaming newspaper headlines about the situation in Cuba in the 1890 s helped fan the flames of war by influencing public opinion in the United States – Research current headlines aimed at selling newspapers -- rather than telling honest stories --look at newsstands and in supermarket checkout lines – Research some of the headlines and stories published in the World and the Journal in the 1890 s and compare these with the headlines found in modern tabloid papers • How are they similar and/or different? Are any stories more or less harmful than others? • http: //www. humboldt. edu/~jcb 10/spanwar. shtml • http: //www. boondocksnet. com/gallery/cartoons/1898/index_bart. html Foxborough History Department 65