UNDOING RECONSTRUCTION APUSH Spiconardi Sharecropping Tenant Farming Landowners

Sharecropping & Tenant Farming • Landowners rented land to farmers who usually supplied them

“My boy, we’ve toiled and taken care of you long enough – now you’ve

Overthrow of Reconstruction • Much of the South opposed Reconstruction and the new state

Ku Klux Klan • A terrorist organization founded in Tennessee in 1866 • Served

Ku Klux Klan • Grant dispatches federal marshals to arrest members of the KKK

Waning Northern Interest in Reconstruction • Reasons • Media depictions of southern governments being

Bargain of 1877 • Republican controlled Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana claimed voter fraud

Bargain of 1877 • The Constitution did not provide guidelines for this situation •

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UNDOING RECONSTRUCTION APUSH - Spiconardi

Sharecropping & Tenant Farming • Landowners rented land to farmers who usually supplied them with farming tools and a crude house, farmers grew crops for landowners and kept a small percentage, often not enough to sell. • Farmers often lived in poverty

Sharecropping

“My boy, we’ve toiled and taken care of you long enough – now you’ve got to work” Harper’s Weekly, July 29, 1865

Overthrow of Reconstruction • Much of the South opposed Reconstruction and the new state governments • Declared the governments to be • Corrupt • Examples of “black supremacy” • Tax heavy • In order to restore white supremacy, southerners turned to violence

Ku Klux Klan • A terrorist organization founded in Tennessee in 1866 • Served as the military arm of the Southern Democratic Party • Committed acts of violence and terror against • Blacks • White Republicans (judges, teachers, politicians) • In 1873, the Klan attacked Colfax, LA with a small cannon

Ku Klux Klan • Grant dispatches federal marshals to arrest members of the KKK • Many were put on trial • By 1872, the Klan ceased to exist (until 1920 s)

1865 1874

Waning Northern Interest in Reconstruction • Reasons • Media depictions of southern governments being a mass of “black barbarianism” and corruption • Panic of 1873 • North too worried about economic problems to care about the South • Democratic gains in Congress • Democrats took control of the House in 1874 • Supreme Court Rulings • Slaughterhouse Case (1873) • Court ruled that most of the rights of citizens remained under state jurisdiction

Bargain of 1877 • Republican controlled Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana claimed voter fraud and voter intimidation • Declared these three states electoral votes go to Republican Rutherford B. Hayes • Redeemer Democrats submitted their own electoral votes for Samuel J. Tilden

Bargain of 1877 • The Constitution did not provide guidelines for this situation • An electoral commission worked out a deal in which Hayes would be president under the following conditions: • A democrat would be appointed to the cabinet • Federal aid would be given to Texas to build a railroad • Republicans would not interfere in the South’s local affairs • Most Union troops would be removed • The “Solid South” was restored