Understanding the voluntary sector social services workforce in

Understanding the voluntary sector social services workforce in urban and rural settings – similarities and differences James Arnold, Mike Docherty and Neil Macleod

The social services workforce Adoption service Adult Day Care Adult Placement Service Care Homes for Adults Child Care Agency Childminders Day Care Services for Children Fostering Service Housing Support / Care at Home Nurse Agency Offender Accommodation Service Residential Child Care School Care Accommodation Local authority Central and Strategic Staff Local authority fieldwork services

Social services workforce – estimated split by employer type 2008

Overview: composition School Care Accommodation Residential Child Care Offender Accommodation Service Nurse Agency Housing Support/Care at Home Fostering Service Public Private Day Care of Children Voluntary Child Care Agency Adult Residential Care Adult Placement Service Adult Day Care Adoption Service 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Overview: scale School Care Accommodation Residential Child Care Offender Accommodation Service Nurse Agency Non-registered LA Services Housing Support/Care at Home Public Fostering Service Private Day Care of Children Voluntary Child Care Agency Adult Residential Care Adult Placement Service Adult Day Care Adoption Service 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000

Rural authorities • • • Aberdeenshire Argyll & Bute Dumfries & Galloway East Ayrshire East Lothian Eilean Siar Highland Moray Orkney Islands Perth & Kinross Scottish Borders • Shetland Islands

Urban authorities • • • Aberdeen City Angus Clackmannanshire Dundee City East Dunbartonshire East Renfrewshire Edinburgh, City of Falkirk Fife Glasgow City Inverclyde • • • Midlothian North Ayrshire North Lanarkshire Renfrewshire South Ayrshire South Lanarkshire Stirling West Dunbartonshire West Lothian

Rural vs urban Shetland Islands Scottish Borders Perth & Kinross Orkney Islands Moray Highland Public Private Eilean Siar Voluntary East Lothian East Ayrshire Dumfries & Galloway Argyll & Bute Aberdeenshire 0% 50% 100% West Lothian West Dunbartonshire Stirling South Lanarkshire South Ayrshire Renfrewshire North Lanarkshire North Ayrshire Midlothian Inverclyde Glasgow City Fife Falkirk Edinburgh, City of East Renfrewshire East Dunbartonshire Dundee City Clackmannanshire Angus Aberdeen City Public Private Voluntary 0% 50% 100%

Urban vs Rural Voluntary Rural Private Urban Public 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Voluntary Sector social services workforce School Care Accommodation Residential Child Care Offender Accommodation Service Nurse Agency Housing Support/Care at Home Fostering Service Rural Day Care of Children Urban Child Care Agency Adult Residential Care Adult Placement Service Adult Day Care Adoption Service 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000

Voluntary sector School Care Accommodation Residential Child Care Offender Accommodation Service Nurse Agency Housing Support/Care at Home Fostering Service Rural Day Care of Children Urban Child Care Agency Adult Residential Care Adult Placement Service Adult Day Care Adoption Service 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120%

Service size

Age

Gender

Key points (1/2) • Local authorities still the main employer in some rural areas (including Shetland, Orkney and Eilean Siar)… • …. but not all (Argyll and Bute, Dumfries and Galloway, Highlands) • Orkney / Shetland: 80% of workforce employed by public sector • Some urban areas with a greater percentage of local authority workforce than average (West Dunbartonshire and Fife)

Key points (2/2) • Limited evidence of an age difference between rural and urban areas • Greater percentage of males in some rural services: – School care accommodation (predominantly private sector) – Nursing agencies (predominantly private sector)

Demographic challenges (COSLA Strategic Migration Partnership, 2010) Cluster 1: Total population of area increasing and working age population increasing as % of total population Clackmannanshire, East Lothian, Edinburgh, Falkirk, Glasgow, Moray, North Lanarkshire, Scottish Borders (and four more) Cluster 2: Total population of area decreasing and working age population increasing as % of total population Argyll and Bute, East Dunbartonshire, East Renfrewshire, West Dunbartonshire Cluster 3: Total population of area increasing and working age population decreasing as % of total population Aberdeen City, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Dumfries and Galloway, Highlands, Orkney Islands (and four more) Cluster 4: Total population of area decreasing and working age population decreasing as % of total population Dundee City, Eilean Siar, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, Shetland (and two more)

Self Directed Support (SDS) • “provides individual budgets for people to buy their own support packages to meet their assessed personal, social and healthcare needs” (Scottish Government, 2010) • Employment of Personal Assistant (PAs) / purchase of services • Not included in workforce figures • Most common take up in rural areas (including Scottish Borders, Orkney, Shetland Eilean Siar) • Increased take-up…. . implications?

Summary • Annual Returns / Staff of Scottish Local Authority Social Work Services survey provides best data yet on sector’s workforce • Data on public, private and voluntary sector • Similarities in urban and rural voluntary sector workforce, employer type the one difference • Demographic challenges for many of Scotland’s local authorities, some more than others • Self-Directed Support

• James Arnold: James. Arnold@sssc. uk. com • Mike Docherty: Mike. Docherty@sssc. uk. com • Neil Macleod: Neil. Macleod@sssc. uk. com Scottish Social Services Council, Compass House, 11 Riverside Drive , Dundee , DD 1 4 NY www. sssc. uk. com