Understanding Substance Abuse Alcohol Marijuana Heroin Cocaine Methamphetamine

Understanding Substance Abuse Alcohol Marijuana Heroin Cocaine Methamphetamine Ecstasy Hallucinogens Narcotics Caffeine Nicotine

Total abstinence For any number of reasons None Not a little Desired outcome of many primary prevention programs with youth Chemical Non-Use

Chemical Use is not regularized Not specific to emotions or relief Moderate Responsible Low Risk

Anything that causes or contributes to a problem, is a problem Explore all life areas May be situational or pattern Evolving relationship with the substances Seeking and planning Relief use Substance abusing associations & activities Chemical Abuse or Problem Use

Tolerance Withdrawal Loss of control, obsessions Solitary use Denial Blackouts, memory loss, amotivational syndrome Time spent, activities, lifestyle indicators Chemical Dependency

Chronic Progressive Fatal Family Treatable Preventable Chemical Dependency

Genetics Biochemical Vulnerable Host and Agent Psychological or Skill Deficit Addictive Personality Self Medication Narcissistic injury Etiology of Addiction

Psycho-education, Group Therapy, AA/NA meetings Continuum of care Admit the problem, explore the pervasiveness of the problem, reposition self, accept help, change personality/ perception/ attitude/ identity Incorporate new living skills, beliefs, supports Develop altruism, gratitude and empathy Treatment

Detoxification Inpatient rehabilitation Intensive outpatient treatment Non intensive outpatient continuing treatment Halfway houses, supportive living programs Meeting attendance Therapeutic communities Methodone, Buprenorphine Levels of Care

Abstinence Improved interpersonal functioning Employment Decreased criminal activity Less associated medical/ mental health costs Improved family and parenting functions Outcomes

Mood disorders Anxiety disorders PTSD Conduct disorder ADHD Antisocial personality disorder Borderline personality disorder Medical conditions Can co-occur with other disorders