Understanding Population Pyramids Bar graph displaying age and

Understanding Population Pyramids Bar graph displaying age and gender providing geographers with a visual to assess a country’s population traits Sex ratio, dependency ratio, age distribution, connection to demographic transition

What can we say about a country using Pyramids? • • • Dependency ratio – burden of old/young Governmental spending/population needs like hospitals, birth centers, day cares, retirement homes Decimation from war, disease, famine • • • Guest workers, economic activity (oil refineries, military bases Gender inequality Country comparison for fertility rates, mortality rates, healthcare, technology

Has not truly been acknowledged Demographic Transition has 4 stages in our studies. Hypothetical talk of 5 th, no country at stage 1

Population Pyramids DTM Stage 2 DTM Stage 3 DTM Stage 4

Comparisons Wide base narrow top = stage 2 DTM (candy corn) Wide top narrower base = stage 4 DTM (kitkat)

Comparisons Thickening middle = stage 3 DTM (Hershey Kiss)

Guess stage and describe how shape told you so?

http: //ecp 3113 -01. fa 01. fsu. edu/lively_introduction/fig 7. gif

What will the pyramid look like in 2025? 2050?

No Growth

Age Dependency Ratio

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Analysis of Italy’s Population Pyramid • 1. Decline in Birth Rate • 2. Baby Boom • 3. Fewer men due to World War I and II • 4. More women due to: a. longer life expectancy and b. World Wars (I and II) • 5. More 75 -79 yrs than 0 -4 yrs. Signs of a future worker shortage and an overall declining population.

Aging population… …declining birth rate

Mammoni: “Mama’s Boy” tp: //marketplace. publicradio. org/display/web/2007/11/22/why_italian_men_wont_leave_the_nest/#

How is this population pyramid different from Italy’s?

Population Pyramids at Different Scales • Country • State • County (Borough)

http: //www. aleutianseast. org

ttp: //dsc. discovery. com/fansites/deadliestcatch. html

ACTIVITY for Selected Population Pyramids in the United States

Can you analyze these?

Helpful Hints… A. Ann Arbor, MI - University of Michigan B. Buffalo county, SD - Crow Creek Indian Reservation, one of the poorest counties in the United States C. Punta Gorda, FL - retirement community D. Leavenworth, KS - United States Penitentiary E. Manhattan, NYC - wealthy downtown, few large families F. Nothhamton, MA - Smith College, an all girls college G. Fort Bragg, NC - United States Army Fort H. Springfield, IL - average American city

Population Pyramids for Selected Countries Complete rest of powerpoint on your own

Guest Workers, mainly from South Asia Saudi Arabia has a similar pyramid, same reason

Guest Workers from India in the Persian Gulf Countries http: //fusions. wordpress. com/2007/08/06/migrant-workers-in-dubai

Post War Baby Boom and Declining Birth Rate

http: //kotaku. com/gaming/only-in-japan/strange-japanese-game-center-name-226261. php http: //www. economist. com/world/displaystory. cfm? story_id=9539825

Declining Birth Rate, Emigration, War

Stable Population Growth

Slow Decline http: //www. airninja. com/worldfacts/countries/Argentina/fertilityrate. htm

High Birth and Death Rates

“Although the Comoros is a poor country, extreme manifestations of poverty such as famine or homelessness are rare. The great majority of people have access to adequate food, clothing, shelter, and, to some extent, water. ” http: //poverty 2. forumone. com/library/view/8688/ http: //atlas. 7 jigen. net/photo/? n=Comoros&ln=en

Slightly Increasing Population

“Increased prosperity as a result of the Celtic Tiger's economic boom in the wake of its 1973 EU membership has led to major changes in Ireland which is no longer traditionally a country of emigration and is receiving substantial numbers of immigrants to fill jobs. ” http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Vilnius_at_Dublin. jpg http: //www. religiousconsultation. org/News_Tracker/Ireland_population_to_jump_to_five_million. htm

Extremely High Birth and Death Rates

Persistent Poverty and Violence ttp: //www. islamic-relief. com/submenu/appeal/somalia_crisis. htm http: //www. biyokulule. com/February_%201990 s(4). htm

Constructing and Analyzing Population Pyramids • Finding Age Sex Statistics on the U. S. Census Web Site • Population Pyramid Construction directions using Microsoft Excel • Analyzing Metropolitan Zip Codes

Directions for finding Age and Sex Statistics go to: www. census. gov

Go to www. census. gov and click on “American Fact. Finder” Click on “PEOPLE” and select “Age and Sex”

Type in the name of the location and click “GO. ”

Click on “ 2000” Click on “Age Groups and Sex”

Use the statistics for the columns: Male and Female Use the Total Population

Directions for Constructing Population Pyramids in Microsoft Excel go to: www. prb. org Population Pyramids in Excel

Download the Pyramids (Excel) Print out this Direction Page

Open up a Microsoft Excel Workbook and fill in the following… Type in the statistics from the Census Bureau for Males and Females Type in the total population

Click in B 2 and type in the formula Move the mouse to the bottom right corner of B 2 and when the + appears drag the box down to B 19 ***The statistics for Males will all be negative numbers.

Click in C 2 and type in the formula Move the mouse to the bottom right corner of C 2 and when the + appears drag the box down to C 19

Highlight Go to Insert and select “Chart. . . ”

Click on: “Custom Types” “User-defined” “Population Pyramid” “Finish”

Type in the location for the population pyramid.

Click on PDF Select Save as PDF

Population Pyramids in a Metropolitan Area Memphis / Shelby Co. Tennessee

Helpful Hints… A. Germantown - wealthy suburban area B. Bartlett - older middle class suburban area C. East Memphis - one of the older wealthiest residential areas D. Downtown Memphis - few families, correctional center E. University of Memphis - residential area with large numbers of university students F. South Memphis - one of the poorest areas in Memphis

Germantown - wealthy suburban area: There are very few people in their 20’s living in this region. The reason for this is that this zip code has very high residential housing costs. The people who live here usually move into the zip code so that their children (ages 5 -18) can attend the public schools in Germantown. The reason there are so few people over the age of 60 -65 is that people will move out of this area and retire in other more desirable areas. Bartlett - older suburban area: This area is a well established zip code where many people have raised their families and plan on retiring in the area as well. As a result the schools were much larger in the 1980’s and 90’s. In fact the schools in the area have had to surplus some of their teachers to areas in the county where growth is higher. East Memphis - one of the older wealthiest residential areas: This is one of the most sought-after areas in Memphis in which to live. It is also an area with retirement facilities, which usually have more women than men (since women do have a higher life expectancy than men). Downtown Memphis - few families, correctional center: The downtown zip code is not the most desirable area in which to raise a family. There are few schools, parks, or facilities that cater to children, and the overall environment is not “child friendly. ” It is an area that is better suited for young professionals. This area also has a prison at 201 Poplar Avenue. Most people in Memphis would know that if you say “ 201 Poplar” you are talking about the jail in downtown. University of Memphis - residential area with large numbers of university students: The University of Memphis has many students who commute to campus and do not live near the university. However, there are enough student living on and near campus for it to show up on the population pyramid. South Memphis - one of the poorest areas in Memphis: This zip code in Memphis has a per capita income (1999 dollars) of $13, 798. The median values of a home is only $68, 900. Only 10. 5% of the population has a Bachelors degree or higher. As a result of the poverty and lack of education, the life expectancy is lower and the birth rate is higher.

Zip Code Assignment • Each student will be given three zip codes for a specific Metropolitan Area. • A population pyramid will be created in Excel for each of the three zip codes. • A Power. Point Analysis Presentation will be created for one three zip codes.

Analysis and Evaluation for the Metropolitan Area • With the population pyramids displayed on the wall discuss the differences between the population pyramids in different areas of the county. • Why are there differences? • Where in the county is it wealthy? Poor? • Where in the county is the population the youngest? Oldest? • How do the suburbs differ from the inner city?

Example for Shelby County, TN

Student Handout with Questions

Population Pyramids Analysis 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Is Arlington and Bolton: Increasing or Decreasing? Why? Is Bartlett : Increasing or Decreasing? Why? Sketch a Suburban Population Pyramid, e. g. , Houston High, Cordova, Collierville) Nashville : Increasing or Decreasing? Why? Memphis compared to Nashville: What is the biggest difference? Compare and contrast the regions of Memphis: a. North Memphis b. South Memphis c. North Memphis and Shelby County d. East Memphis e. East Memphis (University of Memphis area) 7. Which region of Memphis is probably the wealthiest? the poorest? 8. Why does Knoxville look different from Nashville and Chattanooga? 9. Why does downtown Memphis have so many more men? 10. Why does downtown Memphis have so few children? 11. Why are birthrates so high in Cordova? so low in Eads / East Shelby County? 12. Why are birthrates so low in East Memphis? 13. Compare the following graphs: a. Millington and Bartlett b. West Memphis and Olive Branch, MS c. Southwind and Bartlett 14. Explain the Townsend population pyramid. 15. Explain the Loretto, TN population pyramid

Power. Point Analysis Handout, Web Sites, & Example

Student Created Power. Point for a specific Zip Code • Information for each slide… • 1 - Introduction slide • 2 - Map • 3 - Population Pyramid • 4 - Table Showing Statistics • 5 -8 - Pictures and Maps of the area (This is the minimum, more slides can be used. ) • 9 - Conclusion slide

www. usnaviguide. com

www. brainyzip. com

www. brainyzip. com

Census Bureau Median Household Income In 1999

city-data. com

Germantown, Tennessee

city-data. com Germantown, TN

city-data. com Occupations in Germantown, TN

city-data. com Comparing Median Household Income in Germantown, Bartlett, and Memphis

Using Google Earth or Yahoo Maps

Yahoo Maps or Google Earth Find the location you wish to take a screen shot in Yahoo Maps or Google Earth. • Screen Shot Directions: • Full Screen PDF: • Hold down: Shift + Apple + 3. • Select a specific part of the screen: • Hold down: Shift + Apple + 4. The screen shot will be saved as Picture 1. pdf on the desktop. When you are ready to insert the pdf into your Power. Point, drag the pdf from the desktop to your powerpoint document.

Screen Shot for Houston High School

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Sources The Census Bureau Web Site City-Data. Com Web Site Google Earth Population Reference Bureau USPS Zip Codewww. usnaviguide. com 10