Understanding CSA As per WHO CSA refers to

Understanding CSA As per WHO - CSA refers to the involvement of child in any sexual activity: • The child does not understand • The child is unable to give informed consent to; • The child is not developmentally prepared and cannot give consent to; and • Violates the laws or norms of the society

Definition by UNICEF Child Sexual Abuse means contacts or interactions between a child an older or more knowledgeable child or adult (stranger, sibling, parent, or caretaker), when the child is being used as an object of gratification for the older child’s or adult’s needs. Such contacts or interactions are carried out against the child using force, trickery, bribes, threats or pressure.

Incidence • “ 25% of our boys and 40% of our girls under 16 are victim of sex abuse” Pinki Virani, Author of “Bitter chocolate”

Some Shocking Facts Study on Child Abuse’ conducted by the Ministry of Women and Child Development • 53. 22% children reported having faced one or more forms of sexual abuse which mean 1 in 2 children. • 21. 90% child respondents reported facing severe forms of sexual abuse and 50. 76% other forms of sexual abuse. • 52. 94 % were boys (72% said they did not report to any one only 3% reported) and 47. 06% were girls. • 31 per cent of sexual assaults were committed by the victim's uncle or neighbour

Prevalence of sexual abuse-TULIR study Chennai-24 schools in chennai participated

Sexual abuse wrt socio-economic status

Sexual abuse and family type

Different forms of sexual abuse

Who is the abuser- 2007 study, p 81

Disclosure and non-disclosure

Why we avoid talking? Don’t know ? How to talk? What to talk? When to talk? Fear that early education about sex will provoke early interest in sexual behaviors? It cannot happen to my child!

• Dumb Charades

Why children ? Empowered by adults Don’t know ? Physical and mental immaturity to talk? How Nuclear families to talk? What Changed values When Risk taking behaviors in teens. to talk? Fear that early education about sex will provoke early interest in sexual It is always the abuser who is at a behaviors? fault It cannot happen to my child!

Early experimentation in teens

Who is the molester? 90% cases : person known to the child or the family 10% cases: stranger 3/11/2021

Grooming in 3/11/2021

Identifying and targeting the victim.

Gaining trust and access.

Playing a role in child’s life

Isolating the child.

Creating secrecy around the relationship.

Initiating sexual contact. - Test dose ? ?

Reported /Unreported – Threaten

Controlling the relationship.

No reaction from parents – further abuse

Healthy sexualityhealthy society • Girls should learn to say “NO” • Boys should learn to accept “NO” 3/11/2021

ALL IS WELL