Understanding Behaviour The ABC Model Of Behaviour Analysis
Understanding Behaviour The ABC Model Of Behaviour Analysis
ABC Analysis ABC analysis allows you to understand why people engage in undesired behaviours. It can help you analyse work place behavioural issues. It provides a means of correcting behaviour and solving work place problems.
The A in ABC A stands for ANTECEDENT. An Antecedent is any stimulus or prompt that may trigger a response.
The B in ABC B stands for BEHAVIOUR. A Behaviour is anything anyone says or does.
The C in ABC C stands for CONSEQUENCE. A Consequence is what the person engaging in the behaviour experiences either during the act or after it.
Consequences are either Positive or Negative. Positive – you do something and you get something that you want. Negative – you do something and you get something you don’t want.
Consequences are either experienced Immediately or in the Future. Immediate – as you are performing the behaviour or immediately after. Future – after the behaviour has been performed.
Consequences Depending on your previous experience consequences are either Certain to occur or Uncertain to occur. Certain – as close to a 100% likelyhood that you will experience that consequence. Uncertain – less than a 50% chance that you will experience that consequence.
Consequences are the key to understanding why people do what they do.
Consequences can be expressed as follows: P or N Positive or Negative I or F Immediate of Future C of U Certain or Uncertain
Consequences Possible combinations of consequences: PIC PIU PFC PFU NIC NIU PFC NFU
Consequences Strongest combinations of consequences: PIC PIU PFC PFU NIC NIU PFC NFU
Consequences PIC’s and NIC’s have the greatest impact on behavour. Delaying consequences minimises their impact.
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 1 Behaviour: Begin by identifying the Behaviour you want to change or understand. Define the behaviour in such a manner that it is easily recognisable and unambiguous. To assist with this process ask: “What would a person be doing or saying? ”
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 2 Antecedents: Identify the Antecedents which you believe have prompted the behaviour. List as many as you can.
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 3 Consequences: List as many Consequences as possible the performer experiences when performing the behaviour. For each consequence assess whether it is Positive or Negative, Immediate or Future, Certain or Uncertain for the performer.
How to do an ABC Analysis Your ABC Analysis Should look like this: Antecedents Behaviour Consequences P/N I/F C/U Unaware of deadline Too much other work Ambiguous requirements No supervision Part of job description Not submitting documentation in on time Got time to do more interesting stuff P I C Got to go home on P time I C Nothing P I C Got reprimanded N F U Lose out on promotion N F U
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 4 Repeat Process: Repeat the process, this time for the alternative behaviour, that is the behaviour you want the person to be performing. Note: It is usually the opposite of the original undesired behaviour you are wanting to understand.
How to do an ABC Analysis Your ABC Analysis for the alternative behaviour should look like this: Antecedents Behaviour Consequences P/N I/F C/U Aware of deadline Too much other work Clear requirements Part of job description Submitting documentation in on time Got more work to do N I C Nothing N I C Had to stay back late N I C F U Good performance P review
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 5 Add PIC’s & NIC’s: Add the PIC’s and NIC’s for the desired and undesired behaviours.
How to do an ABC Analysis Undesired behaviour: Antecedents Behaviour Consequences P/N I/F C/U Unaware of deadline Too much other work Ambiguous requirements No supervision Part of job description Not submitting documentation in on time Got time to do more interesting stuff P 3 PIC’s 0 NIC’s I C Got to go home on P time I C Nothing P I C Got reprimanded N F U Lose out on promotion N F U
How to do an ABC Analysis Desired behaviour: Antecedents Behaviour Consequences P/N I/F C/U Aware of deadline Too much other work Clear requirements Part of job description Submitting documentation in on time Got more work to do N 3 NIC’s 0 PIC’s I C Nothing N I C Had to stay back late N I C F U Good performance P review
How to do an ABC Analysis Step 6 Solution: Add more PIC’s and Antecedents for the desired behaviour. Make it easier for the performer to engage in the desired behaviour. Reinforce the performer when they engage in the desired behaviour.
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