UNCLASSIFIED RADHAZ Joint Spectrum Center E 3 Spectrum

UNCLASSIFIED RADHAZ Joint Spectrum Center E 3 & Spectrum Engineering Division, OS 35 United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 1

UNCLASSIFIED What is RADHAZ? “Hazards caused by transmitter or antenna installation that generates electromagnetic radiation in the vicinity of ordnance, personnel, or fueling operations in excess of established safe levels. Joint Publication 1 -02 Do. D Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 2

UNCLASSIFIED The Real Problem = Transmitter United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 3

UNCLASSIFIED Hazards • RADHAZ is the result of exposure to an electromagnetic field of sufficient intensity to: – Induce currents and/or voltages of magnitudes large enough to initiate electroexplosive devices or other sensitive explosive components of weapon systems, ordnance, or explosive devices. – Cause harmful or injurious effects to humans. – Create sparks having sufficient magnitude to ignite flammable mixtures. • Encompasses: – HERP - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel – HERO - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance – HERF - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuel United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 4

UNCLASSIFIED HERP Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel • OPNAVINST 5100. 23 G with Change 1 dated, 21 Jul 2011. • From Joint Publication 1 -02: “The potential hazard that exists when personnel are exposed to an electromagnetic field of sufficient intensity to heat the human body. ” • MIL-STD-464 C references Do. DI 6055. 11, which points to a series of IEEE documents for guidance. United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 5

UNCLASSIFIED The HERP Concern • RF energy can be hazardous to personnel when: – Energy is absorbed by biological tissue, it can cause heating of the tissue (microwave cooking effect) with subsequent tissue damage if temperatures are high enough. – There is high induced voltage on a metallic object, RF burns can result if contact is made by personnel; the results can be pain, visible skin damage, or involuntary reaction. • DOD INST 6055. 11, in conjunction with IEEE C 95. 6 -2002 and IEEE C 95. 1 -2005, provides exposure limits to protect against established adverse effects to human health induced by exposure to RF electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields over the frequency range of 0 Hz to 300 GHz. United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 6

UNCLASSIFIED HERO Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance • From Joint Publication 1 -02: “The danger of accidental actuation of electro-explosive devices or otherwise electrically activating ordnance because of Radio Frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields. ” • MIL-STD-464 also includes requirements for degraded performance after exposure to the external Electromagnetic Environment (EME). United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 7

UNCLASSIFIED The HERO Concern CAUSE EFFECT Electromagnetic Environment (EME) Inadvertent Actuation or “Dudding” United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 8

UNCLASSIFIED Need for HERO Control • Development of extremely powerful communication and radar equipment that radiate high levels of EM energy. • Trend to utilize more sensitive, low-power electronic circuits in the design of ordnance systems. • Adverse interactions between the EME and the electrical initiators or initiating systems contained within ordnance systems. • Need for HERO control arises from a fundamental incompatibility between the Electrically Initiated Devices (EIDs) or EID firing circuits contained within the ordnance and the external radiated EME that the ordnance encounters during its progression from stockpile to safe separation sequence (S 4). United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 9

UNCLASSIFIED HERF Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels • From Joint Publication 1 -02: “The potential hazard that is created when volatile combustibles, such as fuel, are exposed to electromagnetic fields of sufficient energy to cause ignition. ” United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 10

UNCLASSIFIED HERF Criteria • Three conditions must be present in order for fire or explosion to occur: ˗ Ignition Source • Radar and communication systems/equipment ashore and aboard ship can produce electrical arcs of sufficient magnitude to ignite fuel vapors ˗ Ignitable Material • AVGAS, MOGAS, Jet Fuel vapors ˗ Oxidizer • Oxygen – ever present in the world around us United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 11

UNCLASSIFIED Fuel Handling Operations Act of transferring fuel from one container to another: • Fueling aircraft, vehicles, or equipment from a pump or portable container • Transferring fuel from storage container to a fuel truck • Transferring fuel from a pump to a portable container United in Service to Our Nation UNCLASSIFIED 12

UNCLASSIFIED How to enroll for the FULL Overview of Radiation Hazards (RADHAZ) Course This has been an introduction to our full RADHAZ course. For more information on how to enroll in the full course, go to: https: //shortcut. dau. mil/cop/e 3_Forms • • • (Forms page to sign up for the full course) This one-day course provides information on potential Radiation Hazards (RADHAZ) caused by transmitter/antenna installations that generate electromagnetic radiation in the vicinity of ordnance, personnel and fuel operations in excess of established safe levels. RADHAZ is associated with an electromagnetic field of sufficient intensity to: Induce currents of enough magnitude to initiate electroexplosive devices of weapon systems - Hazard of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) Cause harmful effects to humans - Hazard of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) Create sparks of sufficient magnitude to ignite flammable mixtures - Hazard of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuel (HERF) This course will address the principles and practices associated with reducing these hazards in Do. D. To schedule a session at your location, contact: disa. annapolis. dso. list. jsc-j 5 -training@mail. mil https: //shortcut. dau. mil/cop/e 3_Learn (Main Spectrum/E 3 training page) United. UNITED in Service to. TO Our IN SERVICE OURNation UNCLASSIFIED NATION