UNCLASSIFIED Headquarters U S Brigadier Air Force General

UNCLASSIFIED Headquarters U. S. Brigadier Air Force. General I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x. Mark c e l l e n O. c e Schissler Director, Cyberspace Operations HQ United States Air Force AFCEA Northern Virginia

UNCLASSIFIED AF Intent in Cyberspace n AF recognizes cyberspace as a warfighting domain in which Do. D must maintain dominance for our Nation n Building new competencies to support joint fight Cyber Weapon Systems and Cyber operators n Partnerships with stakeholders n Total force opportunity n n AFCYBER(P) Command laying foundation for a permanent command focused on global cyberspace operations “No future war will be won without air, space, and cyberspace superiority. ” -Gen. Moseley Fly – Fight – Win 2

UNCLASSIFIED Converging Future A domain characterized by the use of electronics and the electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify, and exchange data via networked systems and associated physical infrastructures EMS Electronics Fly – Fight – Win As of: 28 Mar 08 3

UNCLASSIFIED By the Numbers n 183 B emails a day n 280 B gigabytes of data/year n $25 -100 B per yr commercial espionage cost n Virus count exploding n You. Tube uploads 8 hrs of video every minute New York Times Cyberspace connects the world Fly – Fight – Win 4

UNCLASSIFIED Growing Dependence on Electromagnetic Spectrum FCC Spectrum Auctions 1975 Frequency Allocation Chart 2007 Frequency Allocation Chart “Right now we get into situations where we jam against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and it corrupts our radio traffic [and] some line-of-sight UAV operations…It’s tough. “ Gen Ronald E. Keys Aviation Week & Space Technology, Jan 29, 2007 Fly – Fight – Win 5

UNCLASSIFIED Threat & Risk. . . December 1998 – January 2003 Cyber activity from low-moderately skilled individuals • Hackers, Script kiddies, Criminals • Nation States • Non-State Actors • Physical destruction • Forces of Nature February 2003 – Present Skilled / organized actors (state & non-state sponsored) • Do. D and Federal Networks • Defense Industrial Base • GIG Mission Assurance “Our freedom to use cyberspace is threatened by the actions of criminals, terrorists, and nations alike. Each seeks their own form of unique advantage, be it financial, political, or military, but together they threaten our freedom to embrace the opportunity offered by a globally connected and flattened world. ” Fly – Fight – Win Gen Cartwright , 21 Mar 07 6

UNCLASSIFIED Cyber brings Cross-Domain Capability Targets: • • • IADS Control Systems Tactical Comms Info Systems SATCOM Flysound…global – Fight – Win effects at the speed of light 7 Global effects at the speed of

UNCLASSIFIED AF Objectives in Cyberspace n n n Provide robust, cyberwarfare capabilities to the Joint Warfighter Defend AF portion of military cyberspace Be a lead service for support to JTF -Global Network Operations Be the service of choice for conducting intelligence and forensic analysis for cyberspace superiority Have the capacity to extend cyberspace any where the joint warfighter operates Cyber superiority ensures freedom of action in all domains and denies freedom of action to adversaries Fly – Fight – Win 8

UNCLASSIFIED The National Imperative “Attacks on Critical Infrastructure could significantly disrupt the functioning of government and business alike and produce cascading effects far beyond the targeted sector and physical location of the incident. ” n 2007 National Infrastructure Protection Plan Fly – Fight – Win 9

UNCLASSIFIED Way Ahead n Stand Up AFCYBER n Establish Career Field n Author Doctrine n Expand Cyber Education n Utilize Cyber Red Teaming n Work with Industry Total Force Commitment to Transformation Fly – Fight – Win 10

UNCLASSIFIED Fly – Fight – Win 11

UNCLASSIFIED Headquarters U. S. Air Force AF Cyberspace Operations Directorate I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e. HQ l l e. United n c e States Air Force

UNCLASSIFIED Classified Update on Current Ops Fly – Fight – Win 13

UNCLASSIFIED Overview The Cyberspace Domain n Current Operations n US Air Force in Cyberspace n The mission of the United States Air Force is to deliver sovereign options for the defense of the United States of America and its global interests – to fly and fight in Air, Space, and Cyberspace Fly – Fight – Win 14

UNCLASSIFIED Take Aways n Roles and Missions Debate On-Going Potential for new unified command n Potential for the AF to play a leading role n n Are we ready to lead the fight or do we want to be a body pool? Fly – Fight – Win 15

UNCLASSIFIED AF Intent in Cyberspace n n AF recognizes cyberspace as a warfighting domain n Electronic Warfare n Network Warfare Building new competencies to support joint fight Cyber Weapon Systems and Cyber operators n Partnerships with stakeholders n Total Force Opportunity n n AFCYBER Command (P) laying foundation for a permanent command focused on global cyberspace operations “No future war will be won without air, space, and cyberspace superiority. ” -Gen. Moseley Fly – Fight – Win 16

UNCLASSIFIED Why the AF? n World class C 2 capability n Culture of Innovation and Transformation n AF has fielded capabilities to hold the adversary at risk in and through cyberspace in a diverse manner n AF dependence on Cyberspace for Air and Space Superiority n Cyberspace is a global, strategic commons Speed, Range, and Flexibility Fly – Fight – Win 17

UNCLASSIFIED “Fly & Fight” in Cyberspace Cyber Ops n Hold Adversary At Risk Across All Domains Airborne-based cyber attack (electronic and all network classes) n Ground-based cyber attack (electronic and network classes) Operational Prep of the Battlespace (OPB) n Influence Operations through cyberspace n n Ensure Freedom Of Maneuver Cyber defensive ops n Electronic protection n Prioritized cyber function defense plan n Threat analysis and OPB (airborne, ground) n G N I HT G FI R A W n Command And Control n n n Situational awareness across entire cyber domain Operational risk assessment and mission assurance C 2 cyber combat operations from the AOC Cyberspace control authority responsibilities Bandwidth & Spectrum management Cyberspace is a Warfighting Domain: Requires operations to Attack, Exploit, Defend and Sustain Ref: “The Fifth Dimension: Cyberspace”, Lt Gen Bob Elder (8 AF/CC) 16 Jul 2007 Fly – Fight – Win 18

UNCLASSIFIED The Cyber Threat Nature of the Threat December 1998 – January 2003 Most activity from moderately skilled individuals • Hackers, Script kiddies, Criminals • Nation States • Non-State Actors • Physical destruction • Forces of Nature February 2003 – Present Skilled / organized actors (possibly state-sponsored) • Do. D and Federal Networks • Defense Industrial Base • GIG Mission Assurance • Estonia “Our freedom to use cyberspace is threatened by the actions of criminals, terrorists, and nations alike. Each seeks their own form of unique advantage, be it financial, political, or military, but together they threaten our freedom to embrace the opportunity offered by a globally connected and flattened world. ” Fly – Fight – Win Gen Cartwright , 21 Mar 07 19

UNCLASSIFIED US Air Force in Cyberspace Cyber / IO Relationship n Cyber is a place, like other physical domains, where many missions occur n n Information Operations are missions relating to protecting friendly information and affecting adversary information (regardless of means) n n IO occurs in/through all three domains: Air, Space, Cyberspace Many missions necessary for “Cyber Superiority” n n n Network Warfare Operations (Net Attack, Net Defense) Electronic Warfare (EA, EP, ES) Influence Operations (PSYOP, MILDEC, OPSEC) Fundamental difference, but direct relationship n n Used to “store, modify, exchange” data Network Warfare Operations EW (including space EW) Network Operations (maintenance) Influence Operations Intelligence “Cyber” does not replace “IO” Fly – Fight – Win 20

UNCLASSIFIED MAJCOM Phase I USAF Gaining Cmd ADCON New/Accelerated AFCYBER/CV Dua l Ha tted Du al H SAF/XC atte d AFFMA AFNETOPS/CC xx AF Spectrum Mgt AFNOC 6 xx AOC C 2 AFIOC xx EW WG xx Cyberspace WG Fly – Fight – Win 67 NWW 21

UNCLASSIFIED Preparing for Tomorrow’s Challenges AF Cyberspace Leaders Complete coordination of Cyberspace Force Development Roadmap Apr 2008 Submit Cyberspace Force Development ‘Roadmap’ for CSAF/Sec. AF Sig Apr 2008 Submit Cyberspace Tech Center of Excellence Charter for Sec. AF approval, establishment Apr 2008 Develop, Complete Cyberspace Force Development Roadmap Implementation Plan May 2008 n Early Force Transitions (1 B 1, 1 B 2) FY 09 n Begin Development of AETC Cyber Courses FY 10 n Begin AETC Cyber Course Instruction (new accessions) FY 11 n n Fly – Fight – Win 22

UNCLASSIFIED Cyberspace Doctrine n AF Doctrine Working Group met 30 -31 Oct n Bottomline AFDD 2 -x draft release in Jan 2008 n Air University hosting Cyberspace Symposium 31 Mar – 4 Apr n Symposium to review/refine topline draft (release in May) n Decision if AFDD 2 -X is to be a keystone or sub publication n Joint Doctrine: formal assessment of JP 3 -13 begins May 2008 n n First opportunity to influence joint doctrine development Engaged with development of USSTRATCOM’s Operational Concept for Operations in Cyberspace n Tasked by the NMS-CO Implementation Plan Fly – Fight – Win 23

UNCLASSIFIED Flattening the Earth n Wireless and cell phone usage in Africa exploding n 50% of intra-Asian Internet traffic flows through the US n You. Tube uploading 8 hours of video every minute New York Times The world is interconnected Fly – Fight – Win 24

UNCLASSIFIED National Guidance n 2003 National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace n 2004 National Military Strategy n 2006 Quadrennial Defense Review n 2006 NMS for Cyberspace Operations n 2007 National Infrastructure Protection Plan n 2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security n 2008 National Security Policy Directive 54 Fly – Fight – Win 25