UNCLASSIFIED Air Force Materiel Command Basics And Best

UNCLASSIFIED Air Force Materiel Command Basics And Best Practices For Your Home Network George Diehl HQ AFMC/FMC 24 November 2020 Version 7 UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED Purpose To introduce basic networking concepts, discuss some best practices, and provide information which could save you money. UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 2

UNCLASSIFIED Overview n Introduction n Home Network n Wi. Fi n Best Practices n Signal and Router Placement n Hardware - Rent vs. Buy n Teleworking n Megabits vs. Megabytes n Summary n Resources n Questions UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 3

UNCLASSIFIED Introduction n Modem and router are most critical devices in you virtual life n n Wi. Fi is a family of protocols n n Often overlooked Radio signal Cyber Hygiene UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 4

UNCLASSIFIED Home Network UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 5

UNCLASSIFIED Wi. Fi n Two bands available for Wi. Fi connections 2. 4 GHz n 5 GHz n n Dual-band routers are able to provide both 2. 4 GHz and 5 GHz n Guest networks UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 6

UNCLASSIFIED Best Practices UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 7

UNCLASSIFIED Best Practices: Passwords n Router may have up to five passwords n Router Admin Password 2. 4 GHz Password n 5 GHz Password n Guest version of each Wi. Fi network n n Use strong passwords: n Each password should be different n Wi. Fi passwords should be 16 -20 characters long with letters, numbers, special characters, uppercase, and lowercase n Use at least WPA 2 encryption UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 8

UNCLASSIFIED Best Practices: Recommendations n Change default settings: n Admin Password n Wi. Fi network name (a. k. a. SSID) and password (a. k. a. passphrase) for each network n Most devices (e. g. , Io. T/Smart devices, children, and guests) should be on a guest network n Check for firmware updates at least quarterly UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 9

UNCLASSIFIED Signal and Router Placement UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 10

UNCLASSIFIED Wi. Fi Signal: Common Router Placement UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 11

UNCLASSIFIED Wi. Fi Signal: Ideal Router Placement UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 12

UNCLASSIFIED Wi. Fi Signal: Mesh Networks UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 13

UNCLASSIFIED Hardware - Rent vs. Buy UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 14

UNCLASSIFIED Hardware - Rent vs. Buying Renting n Pros: n Easy n Hardware guaranteed to be compatible with ISP n Could have one device serving as modem, router, and more n Cons: n After 9 -12 months, you have spent enough money to purchase your own hardware n ISP may have access to your router settings n Limited security features and firmware updates UNCLASSIFIED n Pros: n Access to more secure features and firmware updates n More control over your network setup n Ability to change ISPs without changing hardware n Cons: n Requires some effort n Must ensure hardware is compatible with ISP n ISP will provide limited support for personal hardware Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 15

UNCLASSIFIED Teleworking UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 16

UNCLASSIFIED Teleworking n VPN Clients n USAF n n JRSS Personally Owned Equipment (POE) n Equipment you can connect to your Government Furnished Equipment (GFE) n Includes monitors, wired mouse, wired keyboard, any devices which do not process/store information n n Does NOT include wireless mouse/keyboard, smart TV, personal printers, etc. Peak VPN Hours n Mid morning and mid afternoon n Wednesday appears to be the peak day UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 17

UNCLASSIFIED Megabits vs. Megabytes n Megabyte (MB) is a common measurement of file size n Megabit (Mb) is a common measurement of data transfer speed n 1 Megabyte = 8 Megabits n If you buy 40 megabits per second (Mbps) download speed, then you are getting 5 megabytes per second (MBps)* n At this speed, a 40 MB picture will take 5 seconds to download, not 1 second as many people may think *Your actual internet speed will generally be lower than what you pay for UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 18

UNCLASSIFIED Summary n Your Wi. Fi router may be the most important piece of hardware in your digital life n The default settings are easily identified and exploited n This is a balancing act between security and convenience n When in doubt about plugging something into your GFE, consult your cyber liaison n Backup your data UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 19

UNCLASSIFIED Resources n Broadband speed guide: n https: //www. fcc. gov/reports-research/guides/broadband-speed-guide n Household broadband guide: n https: //www. fcc. gov/research-reports/guides/household-broadband-guide n WPAFB – May I use POE while teleworking? n n https: //usaf. dps. mil/teams/22629/Lists/WPAFB%20 FAQ/Flat. aspx? Root. Folder=%2 Fteams%2 F 22629%2 FLists%2 FWPAFB% 20 FAQ%2 FMay%20 I%20 use%20 personally%2 Downed%20 equipment%20 while%20 teleworking&Folder. CTID=0 x 012002003 F D 96 C 7 DEC 187645819 A 496988186105 Your local Cyber Liaison/Information Assurance Officer UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 20

UNCLASSIFIED Questions UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 21

UNCLASSIFIED Zoom Thanksgiving Gift Zoom announced via Twitter a couple days ago that it will temporarily lift its 40 minute time limit on free meetings. From 0001 November 26 th to 0600 November 27 th (Eastern Time), free users will be able to host meetings without worrying about the cutoff after 40 minutes. UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 22

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UNCLASSIFIED Key Terms n Internet Service Provider (ISP) n Internet Protocol Address (IP Address) – address for every device connected to a network (e. g. , 198. 97. 67. 50) n Local Area Network (LAN) – a group of devices that share a server connection n Modem – connects to ISP to obtain IP address for you to use n Router – creates a LAN n Firmware vs. Software n Internet of Things (Io. T) – catch-all term for the growing collection of “smart” devices (e. g. , TVs, outlets, thermostats, refrigerators, lights) n Cyber Hygiene – practices used which ensure the health of your virtual life UNCLASSIFIED Deliver and Support Agile War-Winning Capabilities 25