UN EMRIP Pretoria South Africa September 30 2019
UN EMRIP Pretoria, South Africa September 30, 2019 Indigenous Peoples’ Land Rights and the UNDRIP in Russia. Political System of Ruslan Garipov Contemporary Russia: Basic Issues. www. ruslangaripov. com garipov@american. edu
KAZAN (VOLGA REGION) FEDERAL UNIVERSITY Leo Tolstoy, Vladimir Lenin, Nikolay Lobachevsky Found in 1804 by Alexander I
68, 000 km 2 Kazan (26, 254. 9 sq mi) Republic of Tatarstan 3, 822, 038 inhabitants Russia
Population of the Russian Federation There approximately 200 different nationalities (ethnic groups) in Russia. More than 80% of population are Russians. Others are Tatars, Ukrainians, Chechens, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Yakuts, Chukchi and so on. 1379 • Titular Nation (Russians); • Titular Nations (in Republics); • Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples; 512 323 • National Minorities. 127 EU China Japan Population in millions 143 Russia United States
Law On Guarantees of the Rights of Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the RF (1999): (a) Living in the historical territories of their ancestors; (b) Preserving their traditional way of life and occupations; (c) Recognizing themselves as a separate ethnicity; and (d) Numbering at most 50, 000 people within Russia.
Russia’s North is a Home for Many Indigenous Peoples & a Place of Many Natural Resources • • Climate change has already opened up a whole new Arctic Ocean that was previously inaccessible to most people. Different ways of living and using natural resources often cause a conflict between extractive business and indigenous peoples because the parties have different, and even antagonistic interests. As it is a means of subsistence for indigenous peoples it leads to a sustainable use. As it is a means of enrichment for extractive business (commercial stakeholders) it leads to a consumptive use.
Region of New Challenges & Opportunities 7
ABORIGINAL LAW IN RUSSIA. • RFL “About Guarantees of the Rights of Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the RF”, 1999 • RFL “About General Principles of Organization of the Communities of Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the RF”, 2000 • RFL “About Territories of Traditional Nature Use of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the RF”, 2001
RUSSIA AND INTERNATIONAL LAW ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ RIGHTS.
Gennady Shchukin Case Constitutional Court of RF, May 2019
CONCLUDING REMARKS v Indigenous Peoples in Russia are still one of the most vulnerable and excluded socio-economic group of population. v Aboriginal law in Russia is unstable, contradictive, often imitational, only initially developed, and not enough adjusted to international law. v Indigenous Peoples should benefit from their land rights and natural resources, instead of becoming a hostage of it and suffer oppression and degradation from its exploitation. v It is time for Russia to endorse the UNDRIP and implement its provisions into domestic legislation.
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