Ultra WideBand Communications Term Project ULTRA WIDEBAND COMMUNICATIONS

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Term Project: ULTRA WIDE-BAND COMMUNICATIONS Prepared and Presented by Alain Eid April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 1

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Contents • • Introduction to UWB Definition of UWB IEEE 802. 15. 3 a Standard Wireless Alternatives Multi-Bands Design UWB Transceivers Technology Challenges Conclusion April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 2

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Chronology Research on UWB • Is it a New Technology? § § § § The first impulse system patent was awarded in 1954 The basic concept was first described in 1960 The first landmark patent of UWB was awarded in 1973 It has been used since 1980 in military Radar applications The term UWB was first used in 1989 by Do. D Up to 1994, all UWB studies were classified A substantial change occurred in 2002 when UWB was made public (by FCC) • The Answer is NO April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 3

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Definition of UWB spectral mask for indoor communications systems April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 4

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Definition of UWB (Continued) US Spectrum Allocation for Unlicensed Use April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 5

Ultra Wide-Band Communications IEEE 802. 15. 3 a Standard IEEE 802. 15. 3 a Summary Requirements April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 6

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Wireless Alternatives In order to understand where UWB fits in with the current trends in wireless communications, we need to consider the general problem that communications systems try to solve. Specifically, if wireless were an ideal medium, we could use it to send: 1. a lot of data 2. very far 3. very fast 4. for many users 5. all at once April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 7

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Wireless Alternatives (Continued) • Unfortunately, it is impossible to achieve all five attributes simultaneously for systems supporting unique, private, two-way communication streams. • One or more have to be given up if the others are to do well. Original wireless systems were built to bridge large distances in order to link two parties together. • However, recent history of radio shows a clear trend toward improving on the other four attributes at the expense of distance. April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 8

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Wireless Alternatives (Continued) Four trends are driving short-range wireless in general and ultrawideband in particular: 1. The growing demand for wireless data capability in portable devices at higher bandwidth but lower in cost and power consumption than currently available. 2. Crowding in the spectrum that is segmented and licensed by regulatory authorities in traditional ways. 3. The growth of high-speed wired access to the Internet in enterprises, homes, and public spaces. 4. Shrinking semiconductor cost and power consumption for signal processing. April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 9

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Wireless Alternatives (Continued) Spatial Capacity Comparison Between IEEE 802. 11, Bluetooth and UWB April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 10

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Wireless Alternatives (Continued) Channel Capacity for Additive, White Gaussian Noise April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 11

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Multi-Bands Design • UWB has been defined in the past as a method to encode information using impulses. • These impulses can be modulated either with position, or with amplitude or with phase. • The transmitter feeds these impulses to a very large bandwidth, non-resonating antenna, or sometimes the antenna itself shapes the impulses to the required frequency of operation. • UWB companies have developed proprietary techniques to generate and detect such impulses, using non-resonating components. • These impulses are especially effective for radar systems, where the resolution is proportional to the bandwidth, but have proven difficult to realize in CMOS so far. April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 12

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Multi-Bands (Continued) Multi-Band Signals Sequence April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 13

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Multi-Bands (Continued) Multi-Band Signal Reference April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 14

Ultra Wide-Band Communications UWB Transceivers Multi-Bands Transceiver Block Diagram April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 15

Ultra Wide-Band Communications UWB Transceivers (Continued) UWB Transceiver’s Typical Performance April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 16

Ultra Wide-Band Communications UWB Applications • Desktops and Laptop PCs § High resolution printers, scanners, storage devices… § Connectivity to mobile and CE devices • Mobile Devices § Multimedia files, MP 3, games, video § Personal connectivity • CE Devices § Cameras, DVD, HDTV § Personal connectivity • Military Communications • Radars and Sensing April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 17

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Technology Challenges • Short-range wireless systems based on narrowband carrier modulation VS High data rates to transmit video over air. • Spatial capacity VS System performance and spectral efficiency of UWB radio devices. April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 18

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Technology Challenges (Continued) • Mutual interference between UWB devices VS Level of Qo. S. • Modulation and channel coding VS Multi. User capacity. • Peak power VS Optimization of transmission techniques. • Excessive clock speed, synchronization, power consumption VS MEMS and SOI April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 19

Ultra Wide-Band Communications Conclusion • The recently FCC frequency allocation for UWB has generated a lot of interest in UWB technologies. • 7500 MHz of spectrum for unlicensed use. • Transmit signal must occupy at least 500 MHz at whole times. • UWB is the most promising technology to support the rigorous requirements: 110, 200 and 480 Mbps. • The new UWB technology emerging today, mostly as a consequence of the recent FCC spectrum allocation, is based on multi-bands. • There are still many technology’s challenges ahead, mostly around the high level of integration that UWB products requires: they need to be developed at low cost and low power to meet the vision of integrated connectivity for PAN. April 04, 2007 ECE Dept. – University of Windsor 20