UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Wireless Communication and
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Wireless Communication and Spectrum Sharing Policy for Public Safety in the US Brie Haupt, M. Ed. Naim Kapucu, Ph. D. Murat Yuksel, Ph. D.
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Context • • Fragmented, independent public safety wireless communication systems. Hierarchical approach of emergency management Well-organized ational system would reduce equipment needs, increase effectiveness, and enrich quality and coordination of response. Our Study: Analyzed policies related to wireless communication technology, spectrum sharing, and a national system for public safety.
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Study Overview • Analyzed policies related to wireless communication technology, spectrum sharing, and a national system for public safety. • Research Questions: • • What are the policies and regulations influencing wireless communication technologies and spectrum sharing? How do evolving technologies influence adoption of a national PSC system and affect wireless communication and spectrum sharing?
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Evolution of Public Safety Communication • Initial amateur network developed into an Emergency Corps and soon became dependent upon local and federal integration. • Message distribution constrained to the following parameters: • Conditions of impending or actual nature that jeopardize public safety, • Information relating to immediate safety and protection, • Information essential to public activities for civil defense or additional government and relief agencies, • Information for Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services training, drills and testing.
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Evolution of Public Safety Policies • The field of Emergency Management adapted to policy changes and political agendas throughout the years and shifted focus from Civil Defense to Disaster Management (FEMA 2015). • • 1800 s to 1930: Limited systemic management, government’s focus on threats by fires and diseases. 1930 s to 1950 s: Transitions from EM as a government function to profession and avoiding nuclear war. 1979: Creation of FEMA and field’s focus broadened to natural disasters and critical coordination between federal, state and local agencies. September 11, 2001: Increased priority of public safety and wireless communication technologies.
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Evolution of Public Safety Policies • • • Title XVIII of Homeland Security Act National Emergency Communications Plan National Public Safety Broadband Network National Preparedness Goal Quadrennial Homeland Security Review National Response Plan • • • Homeland Security Presidential Directive-5 National Response Framework Federal Communication Commission Communications Act of 1934, Section 706 Executive Order 12472
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION From Policy to Implementation • Emergency Management Communication Priorities • Integrated Wireless Network to First Responder Network • Federal Communication Commission and Spectrum Reallocation • National Broadband Plan and the Broadband Ecosystem • Implementation from Local Public Safety Agencies
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Implementation Debates • Flexibility and Adaptation of Technology • Centralized versus Decentralized System • Hierarchy and the Incident Command System • Successful Implementation in today’s Public Safety Context
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Jurisdictions within a Public Safety Communication System
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Evolving Technology and Capabilities • Reality of Implementation • History of Spectrum Allocation and Auctions • Evolution of Communication Technology and Fragmented Systems • Integration of Commercial Market • Policymakers versus Practitioners • Idealistic versus Realistic
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 911 -Now Network
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Concluding Remarks • Implementation of a national Public Safety Communication System requires time, innovative technology and cost effective regulations and practices • Policymakers must be proactive in anticipating future needs • Voluntary participation is not sufficient • Spectrum allocation needs incentives for providers • Invest more time in understanding device-to-device sharing and balanced management and policy-making
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Concluding Remarks Acknowledgement: This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant no NSF EARS-2014 -1443946, titled Collaborative Research: Pervasive Spectrum Sharing for Public Safety. Drs. Kapucu and Murat serve as PIs for the grant.
UCF SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Thank you!
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