U S Department of Transportation Federal Motor Carrier

U. S. Department of Transportation Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration December 6, 2016 1

Overview �FMCSA’s Role and Mission �Motor Carrier Safety Strategy �The Commercial Driver’s License Program �Questions Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 2

FMCSA’s Role and Mission Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 3

Federal v. State • The United States of America is comprised of 50 states, plus the District of Columbia, and territories like Puerto Rico and Guam. • Each state has its own agency that regulates transportation within its state (intrastate transportation), e. g. The Virginia Department of Transportation. • Under the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, the federal government, including FMCSA, has authority to regulate commerce among the states. FMCSA’s primary jurisdiction is interstate commercial motor vehicle transportation. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 4

DOT Mode Jurisdiction PLANES: ROADS: TRANSIT: RAIL: PIPELINES: PORTS & SHIPS: Federal Aviation Administration Federal Highway Administration Federal Transit Administration Federal Railroad Administration Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration Maritime Administration 5

DOT Motor Vehicle Safety • National Highway Transportation Safety Administration: Standards established for vehicle and vehicle equipment manufacturers. Investigates vehicle and equipment defects. • Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration: Standards established for commercial motor vehicle users (companies and drivers). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 6

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s Mission: Safety Reduce crashes, injuries and fatalities involving large trucks and buses through education, innovation, regulation and enforcement. 7

FEDERAL MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY ADMINISTRATION �Commercial motor vehicles that fall under FMCSA’s safety jurisdiction: � Exceed 10, 000 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) � Require placarding � Are designed or used to transport more than 8 passengers, including the driver, for compensation � Are designed or used to transport more than 15 passengers, including the driver, not for compensation Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 8

North American Industry Scope and FMCSA Resources* � United States-based carriers: 529, 254 � Power Units: 5, 137, 999 � Commercial drivers: 3, 210, 596 � Canada-based carriers: 13, 047 � Power Units: 104, 693 � Commercial drivers: 96, 600 � Mexico-based carriers: 8, 620 � Power Units: 34, 635 � Commercial drivers: 26, 975 � FMCSA staff – Approximately 1, 100 9

Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 10

Large Truck and Bus Fatal Crashes, 2015 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 11

Trends in Large Truck/Bus Crashes Large Truck & Bus Fatalities 6, 000 5, 000 4, 000 3, 000 2, 000 1, 000 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 0 12 12

Critical Reasons for Crashes Involving a Large Truck and a Passenger Vehicle Source: Large Truck Crash Causation Study, 2005 13

Priorities �Raise the bar to entry �Maintain high safety standards �Remove high risk carriers and drivers 14

Motor Carrier Safety Strategy Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 15

Safety Strategy • Regulations • Registration • Enforcement • Grants to States • Outreach & Education • Research & Technology 16

FMCSA Key Safety Process Areas (RICE) REGISTRATION Companies register with FMCSA USDOT # / Operating 40, 00 Au 0+ th Neor wity Entrants INSPECTION Inspect vehicles and drivers and record safety compliance data Roadside/ Weigh Stations • 3, 400 , 000 inspections COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT Investigators visit companies and record safety compliance data Company Site Visits Enforcement brings legal action against companies not in compliance Legal Action • 30, 000+ New Entrant Sa fety Audits • 10, 000+ • 15, 000 Compliance Inves Enforcement tigations • 20, 000+ Warning Letters Actions Initiated Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 17

Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program (MCSAP) �Grants-to-States (MCSAP) � Over $300 million (US dollars) / year � States adopt compatible regulations for motor carrier safety and hazardous materials operations � Approximately 7, 000 certified State roadside inspectors throughout the United States � Conduct approximately 3. 4 million roadside inspections / year � Conduct approximately 8, 000 investigations / year � Provides for uniformity in enforcement and compliance Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 18

Roadside Inspections � Over 3. 4 million inspections conducted annually. � Location � Conducted at various locations, often at truck weight and inspection stations and ports of entry. � Violations Can Include: � Violations of CMV laws of the state in which the inspection is being conducted. � Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) � The Federal Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) � Criminal violations, e. g. drug smuggling. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 19

Roadside Inspection Levels �North American Standard Levels of Inspection: � Level I: Driver, vehicle and load � Level II: Walk-around Driver/Vehicle Inspection � Level III: Driver/Credential Inspection � Level IV: Special Inspection (one time, one item) � Level V: Vehicle Only � Level VI: Highway Route Controlled Radioactive Materials � Level VII: State Designated Inspection Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 20

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 21

Compliance, Safety, Accountability What is Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA)? CSA is the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s (FMCSA) enforcement and compliance program used to achieve the Agency’s mission to prevent commercial motor vehicle (CMV) crashes, injuries, and fatalities

CSA: Safety Measurement System (SMS) • Quantifies all on-road safety performance to: – Identify unsafe motor carriers for intervention – Determine specific safety problems – Monitor safety problems over time • Measures safety performance in 7 Behavior Analysis and Safety Improvement Categories • Vehicle Maintenance • Unsafe Driving • Driver Fitness (BASICs) • Hazardous Materials • Hours of Service • Controlled Substances/Alcohol • Crash Indicator 23

Sample Carrier SMS Results 24

Compliance Investigations Companies selected for an investigation based on: • Compliance Safety Accountability (CSA) data • Significant Crash • Complaint • Other evidence of safety violations

FMCSA Investigation • An examination of a motor carrier’s operations • Review motor carrier’s compliance with Federal laws and regulations • Record regulatory violations • Make recommendations to improve safety

Safety Management Cycle http: //csa. fmcsa. dot. gov/About/SMC_Overview. aspx

Results of an FMCSA Investigation �A safety rating may be issued �Enforcement action may be initiated to induce compliance with applicable regulations and laws �FMCSA can utilize various Enforcement Tools

Enforcement Tools �Notice of Violation �Notice of Claim (Civil Penalty) �Out-of-Service Orders for motor carriers or drivers �Suspension of Vehicle Registration Plates �Injunctions Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 30

Outreach and Education • Grant funding provided to states • Stakeholder meetings • Social Media Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 31

The Commercial Driver’s License December 6, 2016 Michael Gordon, Team Leader Commercial Driver’s License Division Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

This presentation provides an overview of the laws, regulations, and enforcement relating to commercial vehicle administration. • Introduction to the major responsibilities of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. • 49 CFR 383/384 – the procedures for the commercial vehicle driver’s license exam and skills test, and mechanism of update. • Coordination and cooperation between Federal and State agencies in the administration of commercial vehicle drivers. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Major Responsibilities Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 34

Commercial Drivers License Division Major Responsibility The most important role of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s - Commercial Drivers License Division is to assure compliance by the State Driver Licensing Agencies (SDLA). Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 35

How it Started Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 • To prevent commercial vehicle drivers from concealing unsafe driving records by carrying licenses from more than one state. • To ensure that all commercial vehicle drivers demonstrate the minimum levels of knowledge and skills needed to safely operate commercial motor vehicles before being licensed. • To subject commercial motor vehicle drivers to new, uniform sanctions for certain unsafe driving practices. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Prior to the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act • • States had wide variations in: o Testing and licensing standards; and o Disciplinary actions for violating traffic control laws. Drivers had multiple licenses. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Commercial Driver’s License Standards Requirements and Penalties 49 CFR Part 383 • Requires drivers to have a single license and disqualifies drivers who operate a vehicle in an unsafe manner; • Requires Drivers to notify their employer of convictions; • Establishes disqualification and penalties for convictions; • Defines commercial motor vehicle groups and various endorsements; and • Establishes minimum criteria for written and skills test. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 38

Who is Required to Have a CDL? Any Person Who Operates a Commercial Motor Vehicle (CMV), in commerce, to transport passengers or property. Classes of CMVs A B Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration C

Commercial Motor Vehicle CDL - Endorsements The Federal regulations establish uniform endorsements for commercial driver’s licenses. “P” - Passenger Vehicles “T” - Double/Triple Trailers “S” - School bus “N” - Tank Vehicles “H” - Hazardous Materials Air Brakes “X” - Combined “H” and “N” Endorsements Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Special Exemptions from CDL Regulations Military Vehicles Farm Vehicles Recreational Vehicles Emergency Vehicles Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Disqualifying Offenses • Major Offenses • Serious Traffic Violations • Railroad Grade Crossing Violations • Violations of Out-Of-Service Orders Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

CDL Driver Testing • General Knowledge Test § • Multiple choice questions § 50 questions § 80 percent correct Driving Skills Test § Pre-Trip Inspection § Basic Control Skills § On Road Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration

Federal and State Coordination • Minimum Federal Regulations – 49 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) • State Administration Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 44

Testing Updates Test Maintenance sub-Committee = Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 45

Contact Information Michael Gordon, Team Leader Commercial Drivers License Division FMCSA / MC-ESL 1200 New Jersey Ave. , SE Washington, DC 20590 e-mail: michael. gordon 2@dot. gov Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration