Types of Sentences Independent clause Dependent clause Clause

Types of Sentences

Independent clause Dependent clause Clause Sentence Simple Sentence Compound sentence Compoundcomplex sentence Complex sentence

Clause A clause is a group of words that contains (at least) a subject and a verb Two kinds of clauses: Independent clause Dependent clause -contains a subject and a -begins with verb and expresses a subcoordinators (See complete thought. page 163) and does not express a complete thought. -There are three kinds of it: adverb, adjective, and noun. (See page 172)

Sentence A sentence is a group of words that is used to communicate ideas It is formed from one or more clauses and expresses a complete thought.

Simple Sentence A simple sentence is a single independent clause It expresses a single complete thought. A simple sentence can have a compound subject, a compound verb, or a compund subject and a compound verb.

Examples of Simple Sentences Freshwater boils at 100 degrees Celcius at sea level. Freshwater boils at 100 degrees and freezes at 0 degrees Celcius at sea level. Freshwater and salt water do not boil and do not freeze at the same temperatures.

Compound Sentences �A compound sentence is two or more independent clauses joined together.

3 ways to join the clauses in compound sentences: 1. With a coordinator(for, and, nor, but, or, and yet, so) join these independent clauses. (Hint: The conjunctions spell FANBOYS. See page 166) Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater, so food cooks faster in salt water. Pattern: Independent clause, +coordinator + independent clause 2. With a conjunctive adverb (See page 169) Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; therefore, food cooks faster in salt water. 3. With a semicolon Salt water boils at a higher temperature than freshwater; food cooks faster in salt water

Exercise See page 170

Complex Sentences A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one (or more) dependent clause(s).

Exercises See page 173

Compound-complex Sentences It has at least three clauses with at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause. The same subordinating conjunctions are used to introduce the dependent clauses. The same coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) are used for joining the independent clauses.

Examples of Compound-complex Sentences I wanted to travel after I graduated from college; however, I had to go to work immediately. After I graduated from college, I wanted to travel, but I had to go to work immediately. I wanted to travel after I graduated from college, but I had to go to work immediately because I had to support my family. I could not decide where I should work or what I should do, so at first I did noting.

Exercise See page 174