Types of Mutations Ms Blalock Ms Hartsell Mutations

Types of Mutations Ms. Blalock, Ms. Hartsell

Mutations • Definition: Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA and therefore the gene. • Mutations can change the way in which a trait is expressed by an organism • However, not all mutations are bad

Did you know? • Mutations occur all the time in your DNA • However, these mutations are usually fixed before they become permanent • Mutations that are not fixed then become permanent changes that can either benefit or harm the organism – Benefit: Cause variation that allows the organism to survive in a changing environment – Harm: Cause disease or death

Types of Mutations • There are essentially three types of mutations • 1. Deletions • 2. Insertions • 3. Substitutions

Deletion Mutations When one nucleotide base is REMOVED from the DNA sequence. To delete=To take away

Insertion Mutations When one nucleotide base is ADDED to the DNA sequence. To insert=To put into

Substitution Mutations When one nucleotide base is SWITCHED for another nucleotide in the DNA sequence. To substitute=To replace

Check For Understanding Using the before and after DNA sequence, determine which type of mutation has occurred. BEFORE the mutation DNA sequence: TTA GCA TAC GCC AAT AFTER the mutation DNA sequence: TTA GCA TAC GCG AAT Type of mutation: _____________________

Check For Understanding Using the before and after DNA sequence, determine which type of mutation has occurred. BEFORE the mutation DNA sequence: TTA GCA TAC GCC AAT AFTER the mutation DNA sequence: TTA GCA TAC GCG AAT Type of mutation: Substitution