Type of compound Aldehyde Alcohol Amine Ketone Procedure

Type of compound: Aldehyde Alcohol Amine Ketone

Procedure 1. Physical Properties Melting point or boiling point 2. Functional Group Infrared spectrum NMR Spectrum Solubility Classification Tests 3. Solid Derivative

Measure boiling point of liquids

Functional Group Carbonyl Group (1650 - 1725 cm-1)? No Yes Alcohol Amine Aldehyde Ketone Cr. O 3 + - Aldehyde Ketone Yes Alcohol Broad OH in IR 3700 - 4000 cm-1 Yes Primary or Secondary No Tertiary No Amine (Basic? )

Chromic Acid Test Cr. O 3/H 2 SO 4 in acetone H 2 Cr. O 4 red Cr 3+ green

Iodoform Test Reagent: Na. OH and I 2 (Na. OI)

Amines 1. Odor 2. If not soluble in water they may dissolve in dilute aqueous acid (HCl). 3. Water solutions of amines are basic to litmus.

Hinsberg Test for Amines Benzenesulfonyl Chloride

Hinsberg Test for Amines Primary: Soluble. PPT if add HCl Secondary: Insoluble Tertiary: Tends not to react

Derivatives Aldehydes and Ketones 1. 2, 4 -dinitrophenylhydrazone 2. Semicarbazone

Alcohol Derivative 3, 5 -dinitrobenzoyl chloride 3, 5 -dinitrobenzoate

Amine Derivatives Primary and Secondary Amines Benzoyl Chloride Benzenesulfonyl Chloride Benzamide Benzenesulfamide

Sample Unknown B. p. =198 -200 o DNP = 231 -235 o

Sample Unknown B. p. = 80 - 85 o 3, 5 -dinitrobenzoate = 119 - 121 o

B. p = 106 o 3, 5 -dinitrobenzoate 85 o

B. p. = 160 o 3, 5 -dinitrobenzoate: 108 -110 o

cyclohexanol

B. p. = 155 -157 o 2, 4 -DNP = 158 160 o

cyclohexanone

B. p. = 180 -183 o Benzenesulfonamide 110 - 112 o Benzamide 160 - 163 o

aniline