Two Types of Diffusion Relocation Gets weaker in

Two Types of Diffusion • Relocation • Gets weaker in the core. • Items being diffused leave the area of origin and move to new areas

Two Types of Diffusion • Expansion • Stays strong in the core • When items spread geographically by passing from one person to another while remaining with the first person

Expansion Diffusion • Spread of an innovation/idea…in such a way that the # of those influenced grows continuously larger, resulting in an expanding area of adoption • This occurs when an IDEA or TRAIT spreads from one place to another

Expansion Diffusion • Contagious Diffusion—spread of an idea /trait/concept through a group of people or an area equally without regard to social class, economic position, or position of power (no specific reason for why it goes where) • Flu • Gossip

Expansion Diffusion • Hierarchical Diffusion—Spread of an idea through an established structure usually from people or areas of power down to other people or areas • Urban areas to other urban areas and then to surrounding areas • Music • Fashion • Wealthy people to middle class to lower class • Technological innovations

Expansion Diffusion • Stimulus Diffusion—the spread of an underlying principle even though the new groups “remix” your idea • Follows an irregular patter • Ideas are not readily or directly adopted because they are too vague, different, or impractical for immediate adoption

Relocation v. Expansion • A is relocation diffusion as the person goes • B is the expansion diffusion as the idea/trait moves or transports

Barriers to Diffusion • Cultural Barriers • Some practices, innovations, ideas are not acceptable/adoptable in a particular culture (pork, alcohol, contraceptives) • Physical Barriers • Physical barriers on the surface may prohibit/inhibit adoption • Not as relevant today b/c of technology • Time-Distance Decay • Farther from the source and the more time it takes, the less likely the innovation will be adopted (or it will develop differently) • Technology makes this less prevalent

Density • Frequency with which something occurs in space • Arithmetic Density (total # of objects, people, phenomena, in a given area • Population Density (Unit 2)—total number of people divided by total land area

Concentration • The extent of a feature’s spread over space • Clustered (close together) • Dispersed (far apart) Density and Concentration of Baseball Teams

Pattern • How things are arranged, geometrically speaking • Linear distribution • Grid patterns