TWG III Energy Efficiency Master Plan TECHNICAL MEETING

TWG III – Energy Efficiency Master Plan TECHNICAL MEETING HOUSE HOLD AND PALM OIL MILL IN NORTH SUMATERA Semarang, 10 th-11 th of July 2011 Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) TWG III Team

HOUSE HOLD � Household is the biggest runner up electricity consumer sector in Indonesia after industrial. � In 2003 electricity consumption in household sector reached 35. 753, 05 MWh, while industry reached 36. 497, 25 MWh. � By assumed the average of electricity requirement growth equal to 7% each year during time range of 30 years, it will cause electricity consumption in household sector increase piercingly out of 21, 52 GWh in 2000 become about 444, 53 GWh in 2030.

Survey for House Hold Profile of Padang Cermin village, Langkat Sub-Province � Padang Cermin is a village which is located in Langkat Sub. Province, it is about 35 km from Medan. Padang Cermin has wide area equal to 1948, 2 Ha consisting of 837, 6 Ha lowland, 649, 7 Ha plantation land the rest is applied as settlement land public facility. � Most of Padang Cermin people work as farmers, with population 11. 997 people that consist of 6122 men and 5875 women. The major people graduated from Senior High School and only a few of them graduated from scholar education.

Survey for House Hold Profile of Padang Cermin village, Langkat Sub-Province � A number of people use electricity energy as energy source that is applied as lighting and to for some electronic equipments, but there also some households which still use energy source from oil fuel as kerosene applied as lightings and cooking. � People’s houses taken as object of collecting data is distinguished based on level of attached electricity usage, that is 450 VA, 900 VA and 1300 VA. Survey is done to see electronic equipment applied and calculate capacity of each electricity equipment and usage duration.

Bulb Lamps Prices Non Energy and Energy Saver Lamp

Bulb Lamps Data figures for 450 VA HHs Padang Cermin village, Langkat Sub-Province

Bulb Lamps Data figures for 900 VA HHs Padang Cermin village, Langkat Sub-Province

Bulb Lamps Data figures for 1300 VA HHs Padang Cermin village, Langkat Sub-Province

Households by Regency/Municipality and Occupancy Status of Dwelling Unit in North Sumatera

NPV Calculation and scenario for 450 VA HHs Bulb Lamps House Hold Lamp @ 450 VA example for North Sumatera 500 000 400 000 Thousands 300 000 200 000 100 000 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 -100 000 -200 000 -300 000 k. Wh @ 415 (scenario 30%) KWh @ 415 IDR(scenario 50% KWh @ 415 IDR (scenario 70%) 54 57 60

NPV Calculation and scenario for 900 VA HHs Bulb Lamps House Hold Lamps @ 900 VA example for North Sumatera 450 000 400 000 350 000 Thousands 300 000 250 000 200 000 150 000 100 000 50 000 0 -50 000 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 -100 000 -150 000 -200 000 k. Wh @ 605 IDR KWh @ 605 IDR (scenario 30%) KWh @ 605 IDR (scenario 50%) KWh @ 605 IDR (scenario 70%) 57 60

NPV Calculation and scenario for 1300 VA HHs Bulb Lamps House Hold Lamp @ >1300 VA example for North Sumatera 400 000 350 000 Thousands 300 000 250 000 200 000 150 000 100 000 50 000 0 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 -50 000 -100 000 -150 000 KWh @ 790 IDR (Scenario 30%) KWh @ 790 IDR (Scenario 50%) KWh @ 790 IDR (Scenario 70%) 58 61

Survey for Palm Oil Mill Palm Oil Factory at PTPN IV Mayang Bosar Maligas � Palm Factory Mayang Bosar Maligas is located in Perdagangan, Sub-Province Simalungun, North Sumatera, it is about 150 km from Medan. . Palm Factory Mayang Bosar Maligas was built 1951 with mill process of 40 ton/hour. � For steam requirement of electricity power, we need a boiler as the energy source. The used boiler is a waste tube boiler. Boiler has function to change water into high pressured heat vapor which then be used to turn around turbine blade integrated with electric generator to produce electricity.

Palm Oil Mill Specification at PTPN IV Mayang Bosar Maligas

Potential of liquid waste (POME) � Besides solid waste, liquid waste also has big enough capacity in palm industry. � Liquid waste especially produced during clarification processing, deposition and centrifugation which is done during CPO clarification processing. � According to the central of palm research (1992 -1993) the capacity of liquid waste 1 -1, 3 m 3/ton bunch of fresh fruit or 2 -3 ton liquid waste/ton oil.

Flow Chart of POME

POME Calculation � Palm Oil Mills in North Sumatera, have capacity around 30 Ton FFB/hour to 60 ton FFB/hour. Palm Oil Mills process during production will produce Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). � Every each ton FFB produced 65% m 3 of POME � If one Palm Oil Mill produce 40 ton FFB per hour then it will have 26 m 3/hour POME � POME that produced from the Palm Oil Mill will process at anaerobic pool to have an Biogas. A Chemical Oxigen Demand (COD) is needed at some value to produce Gas from POME. �

POME Calculation � From the laboratorium data, COD normally is between 35 – 45 kg/m 3 With COD 40 kg/ m 3 we can calculate the production of BIOGAS. For examples for 26 m 3 of POME will produce 1040 kg COD. � Every each kg of COD it will produce 35% of Biogas, with 1040 kg COD it can have 364 m 3 Biogas. � With known Low Heating Value (LHV) of Biogas , and assuming 35% efficeincy , the power from generated power can be calculated. � And the generator input power is : � 364 m 3 biogas x 35, 880 MJ/m 3 = 3, 63 MW(t)h (MW(t)h = Mega Watt thermal hour) � Power generated is 3, 63 MW(t)h x 0, 35 = 1, 3 MW(e)h �

Data for NPV Calculation

NPV Calculation 30 UNIT OF PALM OIL MILL @ 40 TON/HOURS example for North Sumatera 50 000 Thousands 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 -50 000 -100 000 -150 000 -200 000 -250 000 -300 000 BIOGAS (scenario 30%) DIESEL BIOGAS(scenario 50%) BIOGAS (scenario 70%) 54 57 60