TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM USING GSM TECHNOLOGY By DEPARTMENT

TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM USING GSM TECHNOLOGY By DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING SREE RAMA ENGENEERING COLLAGE Approved by AICTE , Delhi, Affiliated to JNTU Anantapur.

AIM : To Provide Tsunami warning System via GSM cell phone network, and uses computer-based decision making to deliver alert signals to the identified receivers placed at different towns and cities for both public and Government consumption by reducing the time taken to warn people.

CONTENTS ØIntroduction ØTsunami –Meaning and Source ØTsunami-Features and Effects ØTsunami Warning System ØTsunami Detection Algorithm and it’s Formation ØGSM Based Alert Network ØConclusion

Introduction Tsunami is a natural disaster. It cannot be avoided. But we can reduce the damages caused by it. For that we are in need of a Tsunami warning system. The system used here is Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART). We are also going to see how the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) network reduces the time taken to warn people.

Tsunami –Meaning and Source Tsunami is a Japanese word. “Tsu” means harbour and “nami” means waves. Tsunamis are actually waves caused by sudden movement of the ocean due to earthquakes, landslides on the sea floor, land slumping into the ocean, major volcanic eruptions or large meteorite impacts. Most Tsunamis are caused by large earthquakes, Less common are Tsunamis initiated by volcanic eruptions.

Tsunami-Features and Effects • Wavelengths up to several hundred miles • Travel at speeds up to 950 kilometers per hour-as fast as a passenger jet • Compared to the front of the wave, the rear moves slightly faster and catches up leads ‘bunches up’ §Tsunamis are very powerful destructive force §They destroy anything that comes in its way which includes humans, buildings, animals, plants, etc. It is also likely damage the structure and function of the coastal ecosystems

GSM Technology • GSM stands for global system for mobile communication • Digital cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services • It has an ability to carry 64 kbps to 120 Mbps of data rates • GSM used at different frequencies

Tsunami Warning System

How DART works ? ? ? • Temperature and pressure readings every 15 minutes in standard mode (15 -s) • When an event is detected: 15 second values are transmitted for the first few minutes For the next 4 hours, 1 minute values are transmitted • The tsunami buoy needs to be far enough away from any potential earthquake epicentre • The tsunami buoy must be placed in water deeper than 3000 m • International maritime boundaries must also be considered when deploying tsunami buoy systems.

Tsunami Detection Algorithm and it’s Formation Ø The Tsunami detection algorithm in the gauge's software works by first estimating the amplitudes of the pressure fluctuations within the Tsunami frequency band then testing these amplitudes against a threshold value. Ø The amplitudes are computed by subtracting predicted pressures from the observations, in which the predictions closely match the tides and lower frequency fluctuations. Ø The predictions are updated every 15 seconds, which is the sampling interval of the DART gauges. Ø If the amplitude exceed the threshold , the gauge goes into a rapid reporting mode

THEORETICAL PRESSURE SERIES FREQUENCY RESPONSE

OBSERVED TSUNAMI

GSM Based Alert Network BTS ALARM TSUNAMETER INTERFACE HAND SET NETWORK SERVER MESSAGE ALERT SERVICE PROVIDERS

COMMUNICATING THE DANGER • GSM based alert system monitors the sea waves and broad cast the alert messages • It is only an alert system and does not find the location of epicentre • Hand set consists of auto dialling facility and be preloaded with a fixed dialling number and fixed message • When an SMS is sent from the mobile handset, it first goes to the SMS server of the mobile network, then to the destination receiver handset. If the same message has to be sent to different locations (receivers), the transmitter handset has to dial different numbers for different destinations in the form of Cell Broad Cast.

DECISION SYSTEM • By using the GSM network the SMS server sends 40 messages per second • The system sends an alert message only if the pressure level exceeds a threshold • The magnitude threshold for sending the alert signals can be decided by an expert committee

CONCLUSION The Tsunami warning center senses Tsunami, transits these discrete magnitude values to central place via GSM cell phone network, and uses computer-based decision making to deliver alert signals to the identified receivers placed at different towns and cities for both public and Government consumption.

Reference : 1. www. google. com 2. www. encyclopedia. com 3. www. wikipedia. org