TRINIDAD TOBAGO CARNIVAL Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO CARNIVAL Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago is one of grandeur, colour, revelry, rhythm, and gaiety. Evolving over the past two centuries from an elegant, exclusive affair to a truly all-inclusive national festival, it is by far the most spectacular event on the nation’s calendar. Although a major part of the Trinidad Carnival mystique lies in its unique ability to bring people of diverse backgrounds together in harmonious circumstances, the festival was not born to such noble pursuits. From the inception of street parades in 1839 and for more than 100 years thereafter, the celebration flowed in two distinctly different social streams - upper and lower classes. For the most part, the upper classes held their masked balls in the great houses of sugar estates during the 19 th century Carnivals, then mobilized the mas (but maintained their distance), by using the trays of lorries as their stage until well into the 1950 s. In order to fully understand the development of this festival, it is necessary to examine the complex historical, social, cultural and political contexts which gave birth to this national celebration.

Dimanche Gras is French for Great Sunday and is the title of the main carnival event. The Dimanche Gras Show was inaugurated in 1948 as a vignette in the Carnival Queen Show. It was celebrated on Carnival Sunday night under the auspices of the Carnival Committee and continues to be the premier Pre-Carnival celebration. Although it has undergone several changes it is still seen as an attempt to create a ” valid theatrical experience out of the mass of Carnival material” (Hill). A massive cultural show and competition is usually held in the Queen's Park Savannah these competitions include: Calypso singers battle for the title of Calypso Monarch against the defending title holder from the previous year, King and Queen of the Bands portray beautiful costumes. Carnival is a beautiful and spectacular scene which happens only once a year, come, see, dance and enjoy yourselves.

Dimanche Gras 2019 – Stunning Opening Presentation Double Click to Play Video

KINGS & QUEENS COSTUME COMPETITION The leaders of masquerade bands, King and Queen costumes can weigh between 50 – 200 lbs. , and depict colourful themes from nature to fantasy illusions. Costumes are enhanced with lasers, fog, light shows, fireworks and sound effects.

Peter Minshall Tan & Saga Boy Double Click to Play Video

CARNIVAL MONDAY & TUESD Masquerade bands consisting of thousands of people 'jumping up' (dancing) in glittery, colourful and often revealing costumes rule the streets on Carnival Monday and Tuesday. Each band has its own historical, mythological or tropical concept with various sections depicting aspects of the main theme. The costumes worn by masqueraders on Carnival Monday and Tuesday, these costumes can be simple or elaborate in design.

Kiddies' Carnival The country of Trinidad and Tobago, located in the West Indies, offers a Carnival celebration for children that mirrors the famous parades for adults. The week before Carnival begins children march in a big parade of their own. The children themselves choose a theme (such as "Arabian Nights") and, with the help of adult family members, create costumes that illustrate their theme. Dressed in beautiful costumes the children sing and dance their way down the streets, moving to Calypso music.

Rosalind Gabriel – The Kiddies’ Queen Title Wins Queen of Carnival 10 King of Carnival 3 Individual of the year (female) 6 Individual of the Year (male) 3 Band of the Year 15 Large Band of the Year (open) 16 The most awarded children’s mas designer ever, with more than fifty (50) titles over the years.

History of Red Cross and Carnival The Trinidad and Tobago Red Cross Society (TTRCS) prides itself on staging a well organized and highly entertaining, "Kiddies Carnival", as it is fondly known. It was first held in 1956 under the patronage of Lady Beetham. During the first five years of its existence, the show evolved from its origins under the British Red Cross and by 1960, flourished and blossomed in the capable hands of cultural impresario, the late Aubrey Adams. It was Adams, in 1961 who named the show, The Red Cross Children's Carnival. Today the TTRCS Children's Carnival has become an institution on the Carnival scene. The event has brought vibrant color, splendor and various dimensions of local creativity to the forefront of attention just before the Big Mass. Through its elaborate costumes worn by babes in arms, toddlers and teens the Children's Carnival is an actual storyteller. In form and substance, it often tells a human and environmental story which adult mas rarely does. In that regard, it reminds us of what mas is and really should be, that is, a tale that pleases and feeds the imagination.

Carnival Kings - Hall of Fame Carnival Kings Wins 9 Curtis Eustace Year Portrayal Band Leader 1997 'D' Matador Richard Affong (Barbarossa) 1998 Dis Is We Carnival Richard Affong (Barbarossa) 2000 D Rough Rider Richard Affong (Barbarossa) 2002 Jab Molassie Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 2003 D Sky is D Limit Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 2004 Drums of Freedom Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 2005 War Chant, D' Rise of Tatanka Carnival Tribe 2007 The Wrath of Tutankumhan Island People 2010 Spirit of Mandingoan African Legend Spice Carnival

Carnival Kings - Hall of Fame Carnival Kings Wins 8 4 Peter Samuel Ted (Tedder) Eustace Jr. Year Portrayal Band Leader 1976 The Serpent Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Assoicates) 1979 Devil Ray Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1980 The Midnight Robber Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1982 The Sacred and the Profane Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1983 Man Crab Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1984 Callaloo Dancing Tic Tac Toe Down the River Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1987 The Merry Monarch Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1989 Lord of the Flies Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 2013 Moko In Flames Trini Revellers 2016 Pshedelic Nightmares Alvin Kallicharan 2017 'Crypto' Lord Of The Galaxy Paparazzi Carnival 2020 Lords Of De Savannah Paparazzi Carnival

Curtis Eustace 2003 “D Sky is D Limit” Big Mike & Ian (Legends)

Carnival Kings - Hall of Fame Carnival Kings Wins 4 4 3 3 Year Portrayal Band Leader 1968 The Phantom Fly Irwin Mc Williams (Irwin Mc Williams & Associates) 1969 The Man in the Moon Irwin Mc Williams (Irwin Mc Williams & Associates) 1965 The Bandit of Garu Irwin Mc Williams (Irwin Mc Williams & Associates) 1971 Lay Me Re Irwin Mc Williams (Irwin Mc Williams & Associates) 1978 The Demon Mantis Neville Aming (Neville Aming & Associates) 1981 First Quarter of the Moon Neville Aming (Neville Aming & Associates) 1990 The Devil's Sorcerer Edmond Hart (Harts Carnival) 1995 Mystic Dawn Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1963 King Henry VIII Archie Yee (Archie Lee & Associates) 1966 War God of the Snow Kingdom John Humphrey (John Humphrey & Associates) 1973 Jupiter Superstar Wayne Berkeley & Bobby Ammon (Masquerade) 1975 Cock Fight Cito Velasquez (Cito Velasquez & Associates) 1977 King Corbeau Cito Velasquez (Cito Velasquez & Associates) 1985 The Big Fisherman Thorne & Celestine Albert Moore Hilton Cox Colin Edghill Tedder Eustace Sr.

Carnival Kings - Hall of Fame Carnival Kings Wins 3 2 2 2 1 Carnival King Year Portrayal Band Leader 1996 Rain Fest Cascadoux Productions 1999 Let there be Light Trini Revelers 2001 Winds An Element of Change Trini Revelers 1972 King of the Midnight Sun Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1974 The Heart of the Matter Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 2011 Pacific Tsunami Mike 'Big Mike' Antoine (Legacy) 2014 Quars Al Sahraa: Desert Sting Mike 'Big Mike' Antoine (Legacy) 2012 Ralliez Vous A Mon Panache Blanc Roland St. George (D'Krewe) 2015 Athwaje D'Krewe Stephen Alexis 2009 Ndlovu In Search Brian Mac. Farlane Tony Alleng 1986 Barry Auguste 1993 Splendoria, Glory of the Sun Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) Daniel Barker 1964 Alaric of the Visigoths Boyie Smart (Boyie Smart & & Associates) Geraldo Vieira Jr. Tony Serville Wade Madray Roland St. George The Hat I Got for Christmas Is Too Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung Big & Associates)

Carnival Kings - Hall of Fame Carnival Kings Wins 1 Carnival King Year Portrayal Band Leader Sean De Freitas 1988 The Visitor Edmond Hart (Harts Carnival) Joseph Lewis 2019 Ghelgath The Demon Lord of Ice Antourage Production Gregory Medina 1992 Tonight Is the Bongo Night Poison Committee Errol Payne 1967 The Jewelled Peacock Errol Payne (Errol Payne & & Associates) Anthony Paul 1994 The Conquest Raoul Garib (Raoul Garib Associates) Roderick Snell 1991 Flight of the Dragon Julian Boldon (Julian Boldon & Associates) Jhawhan Thomas 2008 Pandemic Rage Brian Mac. Farlane

TRIVIA When was the first Carnival King was crowned?

The first Carnival King Geraldo Vieira Sr. was crowned in 1963.

Carnival Queens - Hall of Fame Carnival Queen Wins Year Portrayal Band Leader 1985 Wings of Peace Leslie Bobb (Leslie Bobb & Associates) 1996 Legend of 'D' Fire Goddess Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) 1998 High Priestess of Shakari Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) 2000 Jewel of D Jungle Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) 2001 Its All in the Game Richard Affong (Barbarossa) 2002 Dance de Butterfly Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 2003 Fire in D’ Sky Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 2004 If you Love Something, Set it free Big Mike & Ian (Legends) 1987 Sprite of the Cocal Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Assoicates) 1988 Laser Lady Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1989 Pallas Athene Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) 1991 Dawn of the Phoenix Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) 1992 Illusions in Light and Life Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) 1993 Neptuna, a Vision Beneath the Sea Stephen Derek (D'Midas Associates) Anra Bobb 4 Alana Ward Nicole Cobham 3 Denise Duncan

Carnival Queens - Hall of Fame Carnival Queen Wins Year Portrayal Band Leader 1974 Sound and Light Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) 1975 Hawaiian Seafood Cocktail Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) 1976 Gurada Bird Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) 2007 The Incandescence of Beatrice Love We People International 2011 D Jeweled Chandilier We People International 2014 Zamara, Mirage Of The Oasis Trini Revellers 2012 Mother of Humanity The Weeping Madonna Brian Mac Farlane Joan Massiah 3 Peola Marchan Cherise Bovell 2013 Rakuen No Yorokobi (The Joy Of Paradise) Brian Mac. Farlane 1990 Tan Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1995 Joy to the World Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) 1963 High Priestess of Etruria Edmond Hart (Harts Carnival) 1966 Queen of the Playing Cards Edmond Hart (Harts Carnival) 2 Allyson Brown Kay Christopher

Alana Ward, has won four (4)“Queen of Carnival” titles. 2001 Barbarossa 2002 Legends Mas Band 2003 Legends Mas Band 2004 Legends Mas Band She is tied with D’Midas

Carnival Queens - Hall of Fame Carnival Queen Wins Joan Greene Pamela Gordon Tessa John 2 Elsie Lee Heung Johanne Lassalle Suares Roxanne Omalo Sheera Esther Theodore Year Portrayal Band Leader 1970 The Plumed Serpent Goddess of Tuloc George Bailey (George Bailey & Associates) 1971 Spirit of a Kenyan Effigy Albert Bailey (Albert Bailey & Associates) 2005 Fly High, Pretty Butterfly Legacy (Mike 'Big Mike' Anotine) 2006 The Winged Jewel of the Forest Dawad Philip (We People International) 1977 Tiffany's Treasure Raoul Garib (Raoul Garib Associates) 1994 Light of the World Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Assoicates) 1968 Honey of the Polynesiands Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1983 Diana, Goddess of the Hunt Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1969 City Beneath the Sea Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 1972 Snow Maiden Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) 2018 Lilith – Mistress Of The Eternally Damned Antourage Productions 2020 Mother Of Dragons Keeper Of Light Antourage Productions 1959 Empress Alexandria Clemey George (Clemey George & Associates) 1962 Cleopatra Mack Copeland Clemey George (Clemey George & Associates)

Carnival Queens - Hall of Fame Carnival Queen Wins 1 Carnival Queen Year Portrayal Band Leader Vera Ammon 1973 Look for the Silver Lining Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) Carmen Awai 1965 Ishtar, Goddess of War Mack Copeland Love (Mack Copeland & Associates) Sylvia Braithwaithe 1960 Elizabeth 1 George Bailey (George Bailey & Associates) Shynel Brizan 2018 Mariella, Shadow Of Consciousness Moko Somokow Agnes Charles 1982 Dance the Parang Howell Pooran (Howell Pooran & Associates) Sherry Ann Coelho 1984 I Have Seen the Bird of Paradise Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) Gloria Dallsingh 2016 Artemisia' D Warrior Queen Ivan Kallicharan Jean George 1961 Empress Josephine Rudy Piggott (Rudy Piggott & Associates) Inez Gould 1999 The Tempest Trini Revelers Sherry Ann Guy 1979 Splash Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. ) Muriel Haynes 1964 Chantice, Aztec Goddess of Fire Harold Saldenah (Harold Saldenah & Associates) Helen Humphrey 1980 La Reine Diablesse Peter Minshall (Callaloo Co. )

Carnival Queens - Hall of Fame Carnival Queen Wins 1 Carnival Queen Year Portrayal Band Leader Tessa Jardine 1967 The Jewel of the Lotus Stephen Lee Heung (Stephen Lee Heung & Associates) Wendy Kalicharan 1997 Caribbean Blue Ivan Kalicharan (Ivan Kalicharan & Associates) Stephanie Kanhai 2015 The Sweet Waters of Africa Touch D Sky Rosemarie Kuru Jagessar 2010 Waka Nisha. The Sacred Water Bearer Lionel Jagessar Susan Low 2008 Yemanja Orisha, Goddess of the Seas Trevor Wallace Pat Maurice 1978 The Mating Game Wayne Berkeley (Masquerade) Ira Petterson 1986 African Dancer Norma Sylvester (Norma Sylvester & Associates) Janet Rollock 1981 Saucy Simonetta Raoul Garib (Raoul Garib Associates) Kadaffi Romney 2009 Manzandaba In Flight Brian Mac. Farlane Krystal Thomas 2017 De Nebula Paparazzi Carnival

TRIVIA In what year was the First Carnival Queen crowned?

Esther Theodore Was crowned the First Carnival Queen with her presentation “Empress Alexander“ from the band "Festival of Moscow" by southern band leader Clemy George in 1959.

Overall Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins Year Mas Band Portrayal 2019 K 2 K Alliance & Partners Through Stain Glass Windows 2020 Kinetic Mas (Peter Minshall) Mas Pieta 1 The Overall title, which was introduced by the National Carnival Commission (NCC) in 2019 selects the top band from across all size categories – mini, small, medium and large. First Overall Band of the Year title was 2019. There were 2 overall band of the year titles. K 2 K Alliance & Partners first ball to win the Overall Carnival Band of the Year title.

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins 10 Band Leader Year Band Portrayal 1973 Secrets of the Sky 1974 Kaleidoscope 1980 Genesis 1989 Hero Myth 1990 Nineteen Ninety 1991 Swan Lake 1992 Titanic 1993 Strike up the Band 1994 Mirage 1998 Amarant the Secret Garden Wayne Berkley

WAYNE KENNETH BERKELEY Secrets of the Sky (1973)

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins 7 Band Leader Brian Mac. Farlane Year Band Portrayal 2007 India — The Story of Boyie 2008 Earth: Cries of Despair, Wings of Hope 2009 Out of Africa: Africa Her People, Her Glory, Her Tears 2010 Resurrection: The Mas 2011 Humanity Circle Of Life 2012 Sanctification. . . In Search Of 2013 Joy: The Finale

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins Band Leader Year Band Portrayal 1957 Back to Africa 1959 Relics of Egypt 1960 Ye Saga of Merry England 1961 Yzantine Glory 1962 Somewhere in New Guinea 1969 Bright Africa 1979 Carnival of the Sea 1987 Carnival Is Color 1995 Hallelujah 1996 Song of the Earth 1997 Tapestry 2020 Mas Pieta George Bailey 6 Peter Minshall

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins 6 5 Band Leader Year Band Portrayal 1955 Imperial Rome 1956 Norse Gods and Vikings 1958 Holy War/the Atlantis 1964 Mexico 1519 1521 1965 Pacific Paradise 1968 El Dorado, City of Gold 1966 Playing Cards 1970 Inferno 1983 Mas Sweet Mas 1986 Islands in the Sun 1988 Out of this World Harold Saldenah Edmund Hart

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins 5 4 Band Leader Stephen Lee Heung Year Band Portrayal 1967 China, the Forbidden City 1975 We Kind a People 1976 Paradise Lost 1977 Cosmic Aura 1983 Rain Forest 1999 Dynasty 2000 Streets of Fire 2001 Now and Beyond 2003 Bedazzled Legends

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins Band Leader Irvin Mc. Williams Raoul Garib Year Band Portrayal 1971 Wonders of Bucco Reef 1972 Anancy Stories 1978 Know Your Country 1982 The Sting 1984 In the Market Place 1985 Gulf of Paria 2016 Tears Of 2017 Fearless 10 2018 Life's a Checkered Board 2004 Arabian Nights 2005 Conquest of the Indies 2006 Rome, The Empire 3 Ronnie and Caro Trini Revellers

Carnival Band of the Year Hall of Fame Band of the Year Wins 2 Band Leader Year Band Portrayal 2014 Sailors on Shore Leave at a Tropical Fiesta 2015 Ships Ahoy At A French Festival Russell Charter 1963 Gulliver's Travels Zodiac Associates 1981 Jungle Fever Barbarossa 2002 Untamed The Lost Tribe 2019 Taj Neal & Massy Trinidad All Stars 1

TRIVIA Which was the First Pan side to win a Large Band of the Year title?

The First panside to win a “Large Band of the Year “ title was Silver Stars. They played background music for Russell Charter who produced the winning “Band of the

Medium Band of the Year Hall of Fame Medium Band Wins 13 Mas Leader/Band 'D' Midas Associates Year Presentation 1989 'D' Howlin 1990 Out of Africa 1991 In 'D' Heat of 'D' Nite 1992 Quelque Chose 1993 Heads And Tails 1994 Where? In 'D' Pacific 1995 Ebony And Ivory 1996 'D' Legends of Fire And Ice 1997 Lost Realms 1998 Space Odyssey 2000 Tribal Rage 2001 Dynasties In ‘D’ Desert 2007 Amazonia

Medium Band of the Year Hall of Fame Medium Band Wins 8 Mas Leader/Band Year Presentation 1977 Fantafrica 1978 Standard Bearers 1980 Space Encounters 1981 Asia 1982 Smoke Signals 1984 The Crusaders 1985 Masque 1986 Barbaria Mavericks

Medium Band of the Year Hall of Fame Medium Band Wins 6 4 Mas Leader/Band K 2 K Alliance & Partners Ronnie & Caroline Mc. Intosh (Ronnie & Caro Mas) Year Presentation 2015 M 3 (Millennia Three): The Long Walk From Home 2016 Searching for Shangri La 2017 At The Helm 2018 We Stand United 2018 Through the Stain Glass Windows 2020 The Greatest Show (Welcome to the Circus Called Life) 2008 De Gulf 2009 Bakkhanal 2010 Tribute 2011 Survivors

Medium Band of the Year - Hall of Fame Medium Band Wins 3 2 1 Mas Leader/Band Year Presentation 1999 Savage Garden 2002 Six Days Seven Nights in Shanghai 2003 Gathering of the Tribe 1 1987 Dance We Dance 1988 Africazam Charlie Thomas 1976 Chessmen Neville Aming 1979 Legend of The Mayans Thorne & Celestine 1983 Sing Festival in New Guinea ? ? ? 2004 Banquet of D Nile Brian Mc. Farlane 2005 D Washing by Fire Peter Minshall The Callaloo Company 2006 Sacred Heart The Words & Associates 2012 Exodus – The Second Book Of The Bible Colorz Fuh So 2013 The Conquest Jus Wee & Friends 2014 Jus Wee & Friends Trini Revelers Max Awon

TRIVIA In what year did “Medium Band of the Year “ competition begin ?

The “Medium Band of the Year “ competition began in 1976!

Small Band of the Year Hall of Fame Small Band Wins 9 Mas Leader/Band Belmont Original Stylish Sailors (De Bo. SS) Year Presentation 1999 Conceptions of Africa 2000 Mesa America 2001 Faces and Places 2002 The Joy of Spring 2005 Yuletide 2007 Nocturn 2008 Come Fly 2011 Beauty Beneath The Sea 2013 Under D Big Top

Small Band of the Year Hall of Fame Small Band Wins 8 Mas Leader/Band Tribal Connection Cultural Promotion Year Presentation 2003 Warriors of the Great Plains 2010 Inner Circle of the Pow 2012 The Iroquois Nation 2014 Before The Europeans Revisited 2015 From The Black Hills Of Dakota 2016 Through Indian Eyes 2018 Call of D Tribes 2018 The Great Gathering, A Tribute to Astil

Small Band of the Year Hall of Fame Small Band Wins 6 5 Mas Leader/Band Year Presentation 1989 Fan Bearers Festival 1990 Dream Fantasy Mas on Mars 1991 Mystery of Atlantis 1992 Cavalcade of Aming's 31 Yrs. 1994 Somewhere in the Lost City of Gold 1996 People of Ancient Kingdoms 1990 Song of Sitting Bull 1992 Sun Dancing Red Injuns 1993 Thunder bow si mah 1995 Dakota Dog Dancers 1997 Grand Si nadian Neville Aming Anthony Jackman & Henry Ramdin

Small Band of the Year - Hall of Fame Small Band Wins 5 4 2 Mas Leader/Band 'D' Midas Associates (D'Midas T&T) Year Presentation 1982 Viva Mexico 1985 From 'D' Glass Age of Lemuria to Atlantis 1986 Rituals of 'D' Sun 1987 From Solomon to Solomon 2009 Empires of the Sun 1973 Thirty Thousand Leagues under the Sea 1974 Fantasy of the Butterflies 1975 Cock a doodle doo 1976 Nature's Paradise 1983 Tribal Fantasy 1984 Days of the Week Cito Velasquez Norma Sylvester

Small Band of the Year Hall of Fame Small Band Wins 1 Mas Leader/Band Year Presentation ? ? ? 2004 Of Golden Memories Alpha Cultural Enterprises 1980 Emotions in Motion Albert Bailey 1979 Brilliance of the Kikuyu Cheyenne People 2017 Ceremonial Dance First Citizens Original Jab 2020 D Power of D Plants Herman Hackett 1977 Children's World Glendon Morris 1998 Wild Life Mt Hope Connections 2006 A Taste Of Hawaii Ansel Price 1988 Carnival Cavalcade Frank Smith 1981 Tribal Africa Thorne & Celestine 1978 A Tropical Sunrise Sunset

TRIVIA In what year did “Small Band of the Year “ competition begin ?

The “Small Band of the Year “ competition began in 1973!