Trichromatic Theory Trichromatic theory three types of cones

Trichromatic Theory • Trichromatic theory - three types of cones: red, blue, and green – firing rate of cones and color

Opponent-Process Theory • Afterimages • Opponentprocess theory – four primary colors with cones arranged in pairs

Color Blindness • Defective cones • Monochromatic color blindness • Red-green color blindness • Color-blindness test

The Sense The. Hearing Sense

Psychological Properties of Sound 3. 4 What is sound and how does it travel through the ear? • Wavelength – hertz (Hz) – waves (cycles) per second • Pitch • high • low

Psychological Properties of Sound • Amplitude – decibels – Volume • soft to loud

Psychological Properties of Sound • Noise can affect stress, learning, aggression, and other aspects of psychology

Outer & Middle Ear Images adapted from Live. Psych by Pearson, Inc.

Inner Ear • Cochlea – snail shaped structure filled with fluid. • Organ of Corti – in basilar membrane and contains receptor cells • Auditory nerve – receives messages from organ of Corti Adapted from Live. Psych by Pearson, Inc. Play video

Theories of Pitch y or E e Th AC PL Organ of Corti 1 ry 2 Y NC UE EQ FR eo Th High pitch EY LL le p ci VO in Pr Low pitch

Theories of Pitch y or E e Th AC PL 1 • Pitch related to vibration speed of basilar membrane • Which theory? ry 2 Y NC UE EQ FR eo Th – frequency for low pitches, – place for moderate to high pitches EY LL le p ci VO in Pr • Volley – between 400 and 4000 Hz

• • After Images Visual sensations that persist after the initial stimulus has been removed are called “afterimages. ” • On the next slide you will see a picture of a flag with a white dot in the middle. Stare at the dot until the screen changes. Do not take your eyes off of the white dot.

Chemicals & & Chemicals Somesthetics

Taste (Gustation) 10 to 14 days. 3. 5 How do the senses of taste and smell work? • Tongue • taste buds • papillae • Five primary tastes (including umami)

Smell (Olfaction) • Airborne substances dissolved in the mucus in the nose • Smells sensed by olfactory receptors (1, 000 different types) • Pathway: Olfactory cilia neural impulse olfactory nerve olfactory bulb (brain) • Does not go through thalamus Wait a minute – you mean that when I’m smelling something like a skunk, there are little particles of skunk odor IN my nose?

Touch & Pain 3. 6 What allows people to experience touch, pain, motion and balance?