Trends in Embedded Industry Contents Processor trends So

Trends in Embedded Industry

Contents � Processor trends So. C Mulicore Processors / Chiplevel Multi Processor Reconfigurable processors � Embedded OS trends � Development Language trends Java for embedded Development. NET CF for Embedded Development � Open standard, Framework and alliances Open Mobile Alliance Open Handset Alliance Android Openmoko � Bottlenecks Memory Performance Lack of standards Lack of skilled resources

Processor trends – evolution � 8 bit microcontrollers/ microprocessors 8 bit processors of old days and modern days Used for low end applications and for educational purpose. Improved clock frequency. Uses less no of IC’s as compared to old systems. This is possible due to integration techniques (VLSI) Old system contained � Brown out protection circuit � Reset circuit � Watch dog timers � DAC and ADC Modern system contains � Just the of the shelf controller.

System on Chip �Multiple function systems are placed on a single chip. �So. C changed embedded design from general to application specific design. �Applications of So. C in – Set top boxes Portable media players PDAs Multimedia applications �Saves board space to a great extent in embedded system hardware.

Multi core processor �Operating clock frequency affects the performance. �Increase in frequency increases speed of execution. �Cost is high power consumption. �Embedded systems are often battery operated. �Multicore processors incorporates multiple cores on the same chip. �Multi processing (simultaneous execution), multiple pipelining, multithreading Dual core Tri core Quad core Multicore processor OCTEONTM CN 3860 supports 16 MIPS processor cores capable of operating at a clock frequency of 1 GHz.

Reconfigurable processors �Reconfigurable hardware features. �Array of PE (programming elements) RISC processor Computational circuit Memory element. �Hardware reconfiguration can be done statistically or dynamically. �Dynamic reconfiguration makes the chip adaptable to the firmware running on the processor. �Reconfigurable processor can entirely change or adapt changes in the functionality of the system.

Embedded OS trends �Evolution in Embedded OS �Commercial and open source OS �Virtualization concept by means of microkernel architecture in place of monolithic architecture. �Kernel contains minimum essential features and rest all are installed as services. �Device oriented design. �Customized OS for the device. Microsoft Embedded OS Windows Mobile OS Embedded Linux Ubuntu MID

Development languages trends �System side application – Embedded Firmware Manages the embedded devices Interacts with low level hardware Schedules and executes User applications Memory management �User application development – Embedded Software Runs on top of system application Requires system resources �C �Java �. NET CF

Open standards �Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) �Open Handset Alliance (OHA) �Android �Openmoko

Bottlenecks �Memory performance �Lack of standards �Lack of skilled resources