Trees and Forests Tree Types Tree Types n

Trees and Forests – Tree Types

Tree Types n There are many thousands of different kinds of trees but all true trees are separated into two (2) basic classifications: n Coniferous trees n Deciduous trees

Coniferous Trees n Includes the pines, firs and other evergreens n The term “evergreen” comes from the fact that the needles appear not to turn brown and fall to the ground at the approach of winter. n The evergreens do shed their needles however, they do it so slowly that there always green needles on the trees.

Coniferous Trees n Conifers (from the Latin word meaning “cone-bearing”) have their reproductive structures in male and female cones. n Seeds are loosely attached to the cone scales. n The male cones bear pollen which is usually carried by wind

Coniferous Trees n Conifers grow all around the world, but particularly in the colder regions of North America

Alberta Coniferous Trees n n n n n Lodgepole Pine (official tree of the province) Jack Pine Limber Pine Whitebark Pine Balsam Fir Alpine Fir White Spruce Black Spruce Rocky Mountain Douglas Fir Larch (tamarack)

Deciduous Trees n These trees have broad, flat leaves instead of needles. n The word “deciduous” means that the leaves fall off the tree when autumn comes. n Broadleaved trees produce flowers and after pollination these flowers develop seeds. The seeds are often enclosed in a nut or a fleshy fruit.

Broadleaved Trees n Broadleaved trees are most common in warm climates. n To survive in colder regions, they have evolved a form of “hibernation” in which they shed their leaves and become inactive until spring.

Broadleaved Trees A hardwood forest is an open, airy place. n Breezes carry the scent of green leaves and bark. n Spots of sunlight dapple the tree trunks. n Noises echo sharply as they bounce off the hardwood trees. n Brittle fallen leaves crackle under your step. n

Alberta Broadleaved Trees Aspen n Poplar n Balsam Poplar n Plains Cottonwood n Manitoba Maple n Paper Birch n Choke Cherry n Wolf Willow n

Deciduous or Coniferous? A Summary Types of Trees Deciduous Coniferous (loses its leaves in fall) (cone baring trees) Shedding of Leaves - shed leaves in fall - shed continuously (most do not shed leaves in one season) Shape of leaves - broad-leafed or needle - needle-shaped leaves shaped Water retention - Leaves waxy topside and large surface area on underside, causing moisture loss - thick, waxy coating reduces water loss from transpiration Temperature resistance - do withstand temperature extremes -do not withstand temperature extremes

QUIZ ON TUESDAY RD SEPTEMBER 23 !!

Assignment Complete Tree Types Questions n Complete the following VENN diagram with information that you have learned about Deciduous and Coniferous trees. n Deciduous COniferous