Tree Identification John Ross Tree Identification ISA Certified
- Slides: 43
Tree Identification John Ross
Tree Identification ISA Certified Arborist Study Guide for the Arborist Certification Exam of the International Society of Arboriculture Presented by John Ross Burditt: Conroe, Texas jross@burditt. com
Plant Classification (taxonomy) Kingdom (Plant) Phylum (Vascular plants or not) Class (Angiosperms; di or monocotyledons Gymnosperms have “naked seeds”) Order Family (Similar characteristics) Genus (Closely related, Quercus) Species (THE individual plant)
Plant Nomenclature (naming of plants) Common names vs. Latin names Genus and species…. Quercus stellata Varieties & cultivars… var. & ‘Little gem’ Plant Morphology (appearance of tree parts) Branching structure (alternate, opposite, whorled) Leaf type (simple or compound) Leaf margins, apices & bases
Plant Morphology continued Bud type and arrangement Twig & pith characteristics Seed types (acorn, samara, legume, etc. ) Bark characteristics (ex. hackberry “warts”) Form & habitat Flowers (ex. flowering dogwood)
Leaf Arrangement & “Parts”
Compound Leaf Types
Leaf Bases & Apices
Leaf Margins & Other Types
Buds & Twigs
Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda) Form: open spreading crown Grayish coloring to cone 3 (occasionally 2) needles
Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii) Form: round top head Carmel coloring to cone 2 and 3 needles
White ash (Fraxinus americana ) Opposite, pinnately compound U-shaped leaf scar single samara
Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvania) Opposite, pinnately compound Single samara U-shaped scar Brown tinged with red, slightly furrowed or ridged
Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoids) Simple, alternate, triangular, square base, coarsely toothed Prominent lenticels, triangular leaf scars Male catkins
American elm (Ulmus americana ) Alternate, simple, double serrate, oblique base Alternate, inconspicuous lenticels, elevated semicircular leaf scars Broad flat-topped ridges, deep elliptical fissures
Common hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) Alternate, simple, deciduous, serrate, asymmetrical base Alternate, numerous pale lenticels Many corky ridges, gray-brown to silver-gray
Honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) Seed Pods Alternate, deciduous, pinnate & bipinnately compound Irregular shield-shaped leaf scars, stout thorns Gray-brown to black, scaly ridges, deep fissures
Boxelder maple (Acer negundo) Opposite, coarsely serrate, pinnately compound Double samara, slightly converging wings Scattered pale lenticels
Mulberry (Morus spp. ) Cluster, dark-red to purple Alternate, simple, deciduous, toothed & lobed Catkins Gray-brown, scattered gray lenticels
Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) Acorn, usually solitary, deep bowl-shaped cup, with conspicuous fringe, enclosing up to ¾ of the nut Alternate, simple, deciduous, 5 -9 lobed, coarsely toothed terminal lobe Hairy stalked catkins Half round leaf scars
Post oak (Quercus stellate) Alternate, deciduous, usually unequally 5 -lobed Acorn, occasionally in pairs, bowlshaped cup enclosing 1/3 of nut Half round bundle leaf scars, pale lenticels
Live oak (Quercus virginiana or fusiformis) Alternate, simple, evergreen, entire margin Acorn, in clusters of 3 to 5, top-shaped cup enclosing 1/3 of nut 40 -50 feet high, branching close to ground into a few massive wide spreading limbs, round topped crown
Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) Alternate, simple, deciduous, kidney-shaped, heartshaped or flattened base Calyx tube, flower Pod 2” – 3 ½”
Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana ) Awl-shaped, sharp-pointed, spreading and whitened Scale-like in 4 ranks giving square appearance Thin reddish-brown bark, peels off in long shred-like strips
Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) Alternate, simple, deciduous, wavy with short or long tapering teeth, flat or heart-shaped base Persistent multiple of achenes forming a head 1” in diameter Bark mottled by large plate-like scales
Black walnut (Juglans nigra ) Alternate, compound, extremely tapering at end, toothed along margin Borne singly or in pairs, nut has hard thick shell Many raised orange lenticels, large shield shaped leaf scars
Pecan (Carya illinoensis) Alternate, compound, tapering at end, toothed along margin Ellipsoidal nut, thin skinned husk, 4 winged from base to apex Conspicuous orangebrown lenticels, obovate leaf scars
Osage-orange (Maclura pomifera) Alternate, simple, oval-pointed Broad rounded interlacing ridges Short axillary thorns, triangular to kidneyshaped leaf scars Compact cluster of green oblong firm drupelets, appearance of a green orange
Black willow (Salix nigra ) Alternate, simple, deciduous, lanceolateshaped Dark brown to black, deeply divided, shaggy scales on old trunks 30 -40 feet high, clustered stems forming broad irregular open crown
Bur Oak Test Tree #1
Common Hackberry Test Tree #2
Green Ash Test Tree #3
Mulberry Test Tree #4
Eastern Cottonwood Test Tree #5
American Elm Test Tree #6
Eastern Red Cedar Test Tree #7
Sycamore Test Tree #8
Eastern Redbud Test Tree #9
Loblolly Pine Test Tree #10
Thank you John Ross
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