Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals Assoc Prof Dr Chalermchai

Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chalermchai Chaikittiporn, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Thailand Conference on Chemical (Industrial) Disaster Management, Pipelines, Storages &Medical Preparedness Feb. 11 -13, 2009 New, Delhi

Topics of Presentation A. An Overview of International Regulations concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods B. Adaptation/Trend of Thai Regulations and ASEAN Agreement concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods 2

Definition of Dangerous Goods When transporting Hazardous Chemicals which are classified to be “Dangerous for transport” into one of the total 9 classes based on the UN Classification Criteria, these Hazardous Chemicals are called “Dangerous Goods”. Dangerous Goods are Substances and Cargo, which, based on their - nature, - properties, and behavior as well as - conditions, may cause, during the transport, a Hazard in particular to - the public safety , - the health of the people, - the damages and loss of the infrastructure and equipment, also - the negative effects and contamination to the environment 3

International Regulations for Dangerous Goods Transport System of Linkage Ø Multi-modal Transport: UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods: a so-called “UN Model Regulations” or “Orange Book” Ø Road: The Restructured ADR of UNECE in Geneva, Ø Rail: The Restructured RID of OTIF in Bern, Ø Inland Waterways: The Restructured ADN of UNECE in Geneva, Ø Sea: IMDG Code of IMO in London, Ø Air: IATA-DGR of ICAO-TI of ICAO Montreal http: //www. unece. org/trans/danger. htm 4

Past Dangerous Goods Incidents in Thailand Substance involved: Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 54 Death with 97 injury Substance involved: Explosive Substances 171 Death with 99 injury Incident Place: Petchburi Road, Bangkok Date: 24 Sep 1990 Time: around 22: 00 hrs. Incident Place: Phang-Nga Province Date: 15 Feb 1991 Time: around 15: 00 hrs. Cause: Careless driving and low standard of tank equipment Cause: Careless driving, low public awareness of consequence of explosive substances Incident Place: Express Way, Bangkok Date: 4 Sep 2001 Time: around 05: 00 hrs. Cause: Careless driving and misleading of emergency clean-up 5

International Regulations for Dangerous Goods Transport System adopted to Thai Provisions Vol. 2 Thai Provisions Vol. 3 6

Adaptation/Trend of Thai Regulations concerning Transport of Dangerous Goods Thai Provisions Volume 1 (TP 1) Multi-Modal Based on the “Orange Book”, TP-I was approved by the cabinet on May 23, 2000 to be used as a framework regulations for transport of dangerous goods applicable to all modes of transport Thai Provisions Volume 2 (TP 2) Road Based on the “ADR”, TP-II was approved by the cabinet on Dec 28, 2004 to be used as a framework regulations for transport of dangerous goods applicable to road transport Hazmat 1 Training Handbook 7

Protocol 9: Agreement for transport of DG in transit in ASEAN Countries 8

Key contents of Dangerous Goods Regulations UN Rec. or TP 1 Modal Requirements TP 2 & 3 = TP 1 + Classification of Dangerous Goods Definition of classes/divisions Test methods and criteria Name and UN Number List of Dangerous Goods most commonly carried UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods Packing • Packaging • Intermediate Bulk containers • Multi-modal Tank Containers Consignment Procedures Danger specific to one mode Restrictions Main hazard and subsidiary risk Transport conditions • Labeling • Assignment of packing group • Packing methods • Special provisions • Multi-modal tank transport Types of packaging allowed and quantity limitations Types of tanks allowed Construction requirements Placard Certification and approval Marking Specific marks Labeling Specific items of information Transport documentation Exemption quantities Special exemption 9

Key Responsibilities Parties involved in the chain of transport of dangerous goods: • Consignor • Packer • Loader • Carrier Consignee Consignor (1. 4. 2. 1 ) (1. 4. 2. 3) • Consignee Drivers (8. 2) Packers (1. 4. 3. 2) Fillers (1. 4. 3. 3) Carriers (1. 4. 2. 2) Loaders (1. 4. 3. 1)

Safety obligations of the participants of the transportation process Prior to transport During transport - Consignor (1. 4. 2. 1) - Carrier (1. 4. 2. 2) - Loader (1. 4. 3. 1) - Driver (Chapter 8. 2( After transport - Consignee (1. 4. 2. 3) - Packer/Filler (1. 4. 3. 2) & 1. 4. 3. 3) - Tank-container / portable tank operator (1. 4. 3. 4) Ø Take appropriate measures to reduce or minimize the risk from transport Ø Receive training in the requirements governing the carriage of such goods appropriate to their responsibilities and duties ) Chapter 1. 3( 11

Case Study of good practice – Gate Checks (Germany) with support of German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and Industrial Park Hoechst

Gate Check Process of the checking of vehicles carrying dangerous goods • Check Order Number of Dangerous Goods • Check Transport Number of Dangerous Goods • Identified Card/Passport of Driver • Driver’s training certificate • Driving License • ADR Certificate • Weighting of vehicles • Check before exit – joints & couplings, all documentation TREMCARD 13

TREMCARD Risk Management Project Management Board (PMB) 14

Inspection of Vehicle • Orange Plate • Tires Depth (1. 6 cm. ) • Tank Code 15

Inspection of Equipments • Pocket Lamp (Explosion Proof) • Fire Extinguisher • Goggles • Gloves • Eyes-Wash Bottle with Clean Water • Scotch or wheel-chock • 2 reflective triangles 16

Inspection of Driver • Alcohol • Drugs 17

Thai-German Cooperation on Chemicals Risk Management – a successful and sustainable showcase 1990/1991 Severe accidents on transport of hazardous materials in Thailand; LPG tank truck overturned in Bangkok and a trailer with explosive overturned in Phang-Nga 1998 1999 2000 1 st TG project relating Chemicals Risk Management at NESDB on Disaster Management for Transportation of Hazardous Materials Oil Depot inferno in Chonburi & Potassium Chlorate explosion in Chiang Mai Thai Provisions vol. 1 (TP 1) developed and approved by cabinet 2003 Guideline for safe storage developed 2004 Thai Provisions vol. 2 (TP 2) developed and approved by cabinet 2006 Capacity development of Thai officials in collaboration with private sector or PPP-like & Clariant, (Bayer, Chemicals Risk BASF, Merck, Management Infraserv Project (CRMP) in Logistics, DEKRA BP Area Umwelt) for a series of training in Germany 2007 Exit Strategy of CRMP & Chemical Safety Management Guideline developed and trained to IPO / IEO nation-wide 2008 2…. Guideline for safe Possible tri-lateral storage adopted to cooperation with national regulation German government and by DIW neighboring UNEP implemented countries…. project on Responsible Production (RP): APELL / SP / CSR in BP area 18

Capacity Development under GTZ Projects 19

Thailand History & Roadmap on Development of Regulations relating to Chemicals 2008 The 3 rd on Chemicals 2007 Management 2005 2004 Implementation of UN Globally Harmonized System of Classification & Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) National Strategic Plan § Haz. Sub notification into force (Challenge: not ready by private sector / neither inspection & testing bodies as well as certification in Th. ) § Hazardous Substance Committee issued a notification on fixed-tank with 3 years grace period § ASEAN Protocol 9 signed by Mo. T’s Dep. Minister § Notification of Hazardous Substance Committee : Land Transportation of Hazardous Substances The 2 nd NMP for Chemical Management 2000 § TP-1 approved by cabinet submitted by NESDB § Do. LT issued a Notification of Driving License Class IV (Challenge: not in line with TP-2/ADR) and Labeling & Placarding of transport units based on TP-1/UN Rec. The 1 st NMP for Chemical Management 7199 An explosive trailer overturned at Thungmaprao in Phang-nga, 171 fatality and 99 injury 1999 2002 2001 TP-2 approved by cabinet (submitted by Mo. T) ordering Haz. Sub Committee to be a focal point for implementation A truck had an accident on an express way in Bangkok releasing acrylonitrile onto the road and drainage. § Mo. I’s Ministerial Notification No. 3 (1999) concerning preventive measures for factories falling under 12 categories having high risks to prepare risk assessment report to determine appropriate preventive measures from realized hazards in November 1999. § The explosion of potassium chlorate at a longan-drying factory in Chiang. Mai province in September 1999. 3199 9219 Convention concerning the Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents (ILO -174 ) § Hazardous Substance Act, 1992( B. E. 2535) into force (Challenge: not directly relevant to transport of dangerous goods but focusing import, export and having in possession) § Basel Convention on the Control of Trans boundary Movements of Hazardous waste and their Disposal § An LPG Tanker overturned at Petchburi Rd. . 54 fatality and 97 injury § Convention concerning Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work (ILO-170) 9119 9019 20