Transport Socialisation and Education www eltis org Transport
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Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Overview (Self) Introduction to socialsiation Facts and Figures to Childrens Behaviour and Abilities Role Play Exercises and Presentations / Discussions www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Socialisation The term socialization is used to refer to the process of learning one’s culture and how to live within it. For the individual it provides the skills and habits necessary for acting and participating within their society. For the society, inducting all individual members into its moral norms, attitudes, values, motives, social roles, language and symbols is the ‘means by which social and cultural continuity are attained’ (Clausen 1968). www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education • Children are very mobile (4 - 8 trips a day) • Children use mainly sustainable modes • Children travel short distances Austrian average: 32 www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Biggest fears of parents Source: VCÖ (Traffic Club Austra) www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Source: Funk/Fassmann 2002 90, 123 Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education ESTABLISH AWARENESS. . . Who is to blame? 5‘ before school starts. . . and 5‘ after www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Modal Split of primary school children in Graz Desired Modal Split of children Teachers mostly use the car Source: FGM www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Modal Split of primary school children in Graz Desired Modal Split of children Teachers mostly use the car Source: FGM www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Modal Split of primary school children in Graz Desired Modal Split of children Teachers mostly use the car Source: FGM www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Concerns of parents regarding the dangers of traffic decrease further More and more children walk or cycle to school Fewer accidents due to safer roads Reducing danger leads to more quality of life Children get to school without being dropped off by car Motorized individual traffic decreases Source: The PEP contribution 2004 109 www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Source: Int. obeseness- Task Force 2002 125 Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Children’s abilities according to levels of development – auditory and visual 1/2 • 3 -4 year olds cannot distinguish between stationary and moving vehicles • Small children cannot associate a definite noise with a specific cause • Differences between left and right can only be distinguished from 8 years on • From 8 years onwards children use their sense of hearing also for road traffic www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Children’s abilities according to levels of development – auditory and visual 2/2 • Children can see things through the perspective of others from 9 on • Judging of distances also works from 9 years onwards • Children can judge speed relatively late (after 10 years) • Only with 12 years the field of vision of children is fully developed (also the sides www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Development of children and mobility, respectively (ideal scenarios) 1/2 Source: VCÖ Age Infant 0 1 Crawling Toddler 2 Walking Exploring of the immediate home Acceptance into groups of older children Exploration of one’s own road (self-initiated) friendships in the neighbourhood First tries on the child bike Exploration of neighbouring streets groups of children of the same age Independent contacts with the world of grown ups 3 4 (shopping) 5 Trip to the kindergarten (up to approx. 1 km) Kindergarten- / school acquaintances www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Development of children and mobility, respectively (ideal scenarios) 2/2 School child 6 Source: VCÖ Trip to school Schoolbus, urban bus to school Radius of action to near destinations (playground, swimming pool etc. ) 7 Extended Radius of Action First (forbidden) expeditions (also by bike) Bus in urban area 10 Neighbouring town is included in the action radius Cycling in local area Totally independent use of bus and trams within the municipal area www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Children development in good living environment (slow & little traffic) and bad environment (fast & much traffic) bad environment Duration of play without supervision accompanied by adults demand for daycarer www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education 5 year old children and their parents good living environment bad living environment Number of friends in average Share of trips to visit friends done without supervision of adults Social contacts of the parents in average www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Comparison of games played in living surroundings and on public playgrounds Living surroundings Playground Running around Being noisy Roller skates Water Bring toys from home Swing & slide Climbing Picking Flowers Playing ball Selfinvented games www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education How is cycling usually conveyed pedagogically to children? • We encourage children to learn rules • We tell children about all the things they are not allowed to do • We show them the red card when their bike is not roadworthy • We point out the routes they are not allowed to take • We prevent them from cycling, because it’s too dangerous • We make it clear that they have to protect themselves well (helmet, fluorescent vest etc. ) www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Cycling does not only stand for safety • Cycling is an experience for all senses • While cycling children can feel velocity, cool wind blowing or headwind • Using a scooter or a run bike children can train balance • While cycling children are able to discover their surroundings and experience independence • Cycling counteracts a lack of activity • With the bike children can test their limits www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Strategy Direct the vision on the potentials: what positive things can children experience while cycling or walking? Present successful mobility projects for children offering helpful suggestions for the one’s own implementation Invite charismatic experts to encourage and reassure you to become active Arrange Study Visits to locations where successful projects have already been implemented and meet implementers and politicians alike Design structures and framework conditions in a way to make walking and cycling possible www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Kindergarten and Mobility There is nothing like starting young www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Positive emotions for cycling - Learning how to bike - Certificate „I can bike“ - Picture stories concerning cycling www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Cycling to the kindergarten - Bicycle lottery - Kids trailer rental www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Evaluation Which elements of the kindergarten program did you like? (multiple answers are possible) www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education For a school, educational campaigns can: reduce problems caused by traffic congestion on and around the site raise the image of schools that carry out educational traffic campaigns help provide less stressful options for travel to school give opportunities to build healthy exercise into daily life www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education The Traffic Snake Game www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education The Traffic Snake Game 1 week • Children and parents walk, cycle, take public transport or use the carpool • Save points together Advantages • Playful and structured action, easy to organise • Awareness raising on safe and sustainable home-school traffic • Children become visible and able-bodied in traffic • Less car traffic, meaning less traffic chaos and less parking pressure at the school gates • Big success and great effects due to involvement of the complete schools www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education In Belgium: Schoolyear 2006 -2007: 500 schools 76. 927 pupils / 5. 763 teachers / 51. 664 families The Traffic Snake Game is now also played in NL, AT, RO, BU, HU, IT, SI, GR. Supported by STEER. www. schoolway. net www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Mobility management for schools School environment that invites to walk and cycle Walking routes / Cycling routes Guided walking and/or cycling Parents stops to keep cars away Transport education (materials for teachers) www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education BICYCLE TRAINING FOR PUPILS IN REAL TRAFFIC ENVIRONMENT Radfahrtraining an Grazer Schulen www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education New pedagogical approach training in real environment (on the road!) to widen the issue of environmental friendly behaviour: walking and cycling as a new topic www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Background: Bicycle education in protected areas isn‘t an adequate training area www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Training day: Start with psychomotor abilities & skills Exercises on coordination and concentration www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Cycling together in real traffic www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Main part of the training: Individual exercises & special support by the trainer www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Multiple Tasks in complex (riding & stopping, looking, listening, assessing the distance, handling, starting…) www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education How do you assess the bicycle training? Very good satisfaying Survey with 663 parents in 2005 sufficient not good no comment www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Conclusion Teachers and parents recommend the bicycle training Over 15. 000 children trained over the last 12 years Accident-free training since 1995 School surroundings‘ analysis in cooperation with the city of Graz Investigation of pupil‘s mobility behaviour and what they like when cycling Winner of the Shimano Cycling Concept Award 2004 www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education WALKING BUSSES Not even crutches can keep me at home! www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Definition The Walking Bus is a group of primary school children who walk to and from school. The groups are supervised by adults. www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Each circuit under 1 km Each stop more then 150 m Timetable agreed with parents 1 accompanying person for 8 children www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education www. eltis. org
Transport Socialisation and Education Co-ordinator Austrian Mobility Research FGM-AMOR Robert Pressl / Karl Reiter Tel: +43 316 81 04 51 13 / +43 316 81 04 51 23 e-mail: pressl@fgm. at / reiter@fgm. at www. eltis. org
Primary and secondary transport
Active transport
Passive trnasport
Agencies of secondary socialisation
Instance de socialisation
Enfant sauvage socialisation
Objectif socialisation
Primär socialisation
Vad är socialisation?
Types of socialisation
Berger luckmann socialisation
Socialization is a lifelong process of learning
Socialisation
Stämplingsteorin
Socialisation du chien
Organizational rites
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