TRANSMISSIONBASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS Created by Ashley Berryhill TRANSMISSIONBASED
TRANSMISSIONBASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS Created by Ashley Berryhill
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS ØMethods of caring for pts who have a communicable disease. ØCommunicable disease=disease caused by a pathogen that can be _______________________________ to others
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION Ø_____________=occurs when communicable disease spreads rapidly from person to person and affects a large number of people at the same time Ø_____________=when the outbreak of disease occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a high proportion of the population.
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS ØStandard precautions are used on ____ pts ØTransmission-based isolation techniques provide _________ protection against specific diseases or pathogens to prevent their spread ØType of isolation used is based on the _______________, the way the organisms is ___________, and whether it is antibiotic resistant
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS ØPPE is used to provide protection from the pathogen
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS ØObjects are either contaminated or clean Ø_________________=dirty, pathogens are present ØThese objects must not be touched unless the HCW is protected by _________ ØThe outside and waist ties of the gown, gloves, and mask are considered contaminated
TRANSMISSION-BASED ISOLATION Ø___________=objects do not contain pathogens and have minimal chance of spreading the disease üInside of the gloves and gown, neckband its ties, and mask and its ties are considered clean Ø 4 main types of precautions: _____________________________
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS ØUsed on _________ pts ØTreat all blood and body fluids as if they were infectious regardless of the pt’s disease or diagnosis. ØUse appropriate PPE to protect yourself from blood and body fluids.
AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS ØUsed for pts known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by _____________________ ØAirborne droplet nuclei are ______ particles of evaporated droplets that contain microorganisms & remain _____________ in the air or on dust particles ØExamples: measles, chicken pox, tuberculosis
AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS ØIn addition to standard precautions, the following precautions must be followed: 1. Pt placed in a __________ room with door closed 2. Air in room must be discharged to outdoor air or ______________ before being recirculated 3. HCW must wear _____________________ 4. People susceptible to measles or chicken pox shouldn’t enter pt room 5. Pt should only be taken out of the room if necessary and must
N 95 MASK SURGICAL MASK
DROPLET PRECAUTIONS ØUsed for pts known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by _____________________ expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing ØExamples: meningitis, pneumonia, diphtheria, pertussis, mumps, influenza
DROPLET PRECAUTIONS ØIn addition to standard precautions, the following precautions must be followed: 1. Pt placed in a private room or in a room with a pt who has the same active infection 2. ________________ must be worn when you are within _______of the patient 3. If transport of the pt is essential, the pt must wear a ________________
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS ØUsed for pts known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms that can be transmitted by either __________________________________ and can spread rapidly from person to person ØExamples: multidrug-resistant organisms that can cause GI, respiratory, skin, or wound infections; hepatitis A; rotavirus; lice
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS ØIn addition to standard precautions, the following precautions must be followed: 1. Pt placed in a private room or in a room with a pt who has the same active infection 2. ______ must be worn when entering the room 3. Gloves must be changed after __________ 4. ______ must be ___________ before leaving the room and hands washed
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS ØIn addition to standard precautions, the following precautions must be followed: 5. ________ must be worn if there is a chance of contact with the pt, environmental surfaces, or items in the room. __________ must be removed before _________________________. 6. Pt transport should be for essential purposes only 7. The room and items in it must receive daily cleaning and disinfection 8. Patient-care equipment should be left in the room and _____ used for that pt if possible (example: stethoscope)
PROTECTIVE OR REVERSE ISOLATION ØMethods used to protect certain pts from organisms present in the environment ØUsed for __________________ pts whose body defenses are not capable of protecting them from infections ØExamples: severely burned pts, chemo pts, transplant pts whose immune systems have been depressed prior to receiving transplants
PROTECTIVE OR REVERSE ISOLATION ØIn addition to standard precautions, the following precautions must be followed: 1. Pt placed in a room that has been cleaned and disinfected & continues to receives frequent disinfection while the pt occupies it 2. Anyone entering the room must wear ____________________________ 3. All equipment brought into room must be clean, disinfected, or sterile 4. Special filters may be used to purify the room air
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