Training Chapter 1 What is normal What is

Training Chapter 1

What is normal? What is abnormal? • How do we determine what is normal and what is abnormal • Break into groups of 4 and discuss for 5 minutes- come up with 3 criteria or ways we determine what is or isn’t normal.

Who/what determines normality • Culture (e. g. , co-sleeping) • Time (e. g. , how were children treated in the early 1900 s, homosexuality used to be in the DSM) • Region (e. g. , seeing dead loved ones and talking to them- normal in Louisiana, not normal in NYC/Context (e. g. , wearing coats during January- normal in Pennsylvania, not normal in Florida) • Normal curve • Distress • Interference

Dimensional versus Categorical Systems • Neurotic-personality disordered-psychotic continuum • Sane- neurotic reactions and neurotically structured personalities • Insane- psychotic • Categorical- • List of symptoms, clumped together (lumping versus splitting) • Many disorders have overlapping symptoms • What category do they fit in best- messy • Dimensional- • Symptoms tend to go together- how disabling (interference and distress)- ends of a spectrum can have different characteristics

Internalizing versus Externalizing • Internalizing- what disorders? • Externalizing- what disorders? • Where are they identified?

Efficacy versus Effectiveness • Efficacy- features? How is it used? • Effectiveness- features? How is it used?

Equifinality vs Multifinality • Same end state can be reached by many different paths • Antisocial Personality Disorder: • Impulsivity-ODD leading to CD to APD • Psychopathy to APD • In a bad environment, client example-adapted to his environment, gang involvement- APD • Same path can end in many different states • Childhood abuse- depression, ptsd, alcoholism

Training for careers in Psychology • Options: Ph. D (clinical, couseling, school psych), Psy. D, MMHC, Social Work (masters, Ph. D), Public Health , Psychiatry • • • Work setting Pay, Autonomy Population Day-to-day schedule Years in school Debt level

Ph. D versus Psy. D • 4 + years and internship • Masters thesis and dissertation • Can work in academia, hospital, private practice, other settings (e. g. , group homes, clinics, centers) • Match rates higher • Stipend and tuition remission • Degree from anywhere probably fine • 3 + years and internship • At least dissertation • Work mostly in clinical settings (not as much academia) • Match rates lower- some places will not even look at your ap • Very Expensive • Be careful- affiliated with a University is a safe bet • That being said… can be great option if you want to practice

Match • Like residency- you apply, they interview, both rank, computer decides • Binding • You do not get your degree until you do it • If you don’t match- years working no degree • SOL until you do

Metrics • • • Ratios of 100 -300 applicants for 5 -12 spots Say GPA over 3. 5 1200— 1400 GRE cut-offs CV NOT resume Letters of rec- very important, ask ahead of time!!!! More contact than class • Research in the area of the person you are applying to work with • Experience, Pubs and posters • Experience with that population • Everyone likes a lot of things- at some point you have to make a decision

Two Paths • Very few get in from undergrad- 3+ years of applying before • Masters degree- expensive, likely have to do everything over again (my path), point is to get research experience in the area, or GPA • Work as a post-bacc RA or RC- get paid! • You will never make up the salary lost. • PP 80 k, Academia 55 -75 K, Neuro a little more