Trade Marks Geographical Indications Generic Names Conflict or
- Slides: 14
Trade Marks, Geographical Indications, Generic Names – Conflict or Coexistence Worldwide Symposium on Geographical Indications Parma, June 27 to 29, 2005 Alexander v. Mühlendahl Vice-President Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM) Alicante, Spain
Overview Geographical indications (GIs) and trade marks as intellectually property (IP) rights Principles of the protection of IP rights Internal and external conflicts Conflicts between GIs and generic indications Conflicts between GIs and trade marks
Intellectual property rights Geographical indications (GIs) Trade marks
Principles of IP protection Nature: Exclusivity Scope: Territoriality Conflicts: Priority Inherent limits External limits
Protection of GIs: Internal conflicts Requirements of protection: Nature of the product: Agricultural v. industrial Origin or origin “plus”: The “link” issue Resolving conflicts: GIs v. generic indications Whose opinion: Consumer or trade The FETA case GIs v. descriptive indications
Protection of trade marks: Internal conflicts Requirements of protection: The “distinctiveness” issue Trade mark v. trade mark Identity Similarity Likelihood of confusion Reputation Trade mark v. generic indications Trade mark v. descriptive indications
Trade marks v. GIs Exclusivity: The prohibition of use (or registration) of a GI Requirements of protection Identity Similarity Likelihood of confusion Protection of “reputation” and “goodwill” Defenses Earlier rights Descriptive use (“fair use”)
Trade marks v. GIs Defenses Earlier rights Descriptive use (“fair use”) The US/Australia v. EC case (Regulation 2081/92)
GIs v. Trade marks The trade mark registration procedure Scope of protection of GIs: Same goods, similar goods, dissimilar goods Distinctiveness Descriptiveness Deceptiveness “Absolute” protection for (earlier) GIs The GRANA PADANO v. GRANA BIRAGHI case The BUDWEISER cases
GIs v. Trade marks The prohibition of use of a (later) trade mark Distinctiveness Descriptiveness Deceptiveness “Absolute” protection for (earlier) GIs
OHIM’s website oami. eu. int ALICANTE NEWS
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