Toxicology The cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system Maintain

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Toxicology The cardiovascular system

Toxicology The cardiovascular system

The cardiovascular system � Maintain internal homeostasis. � Regulate body temperature � Maintain tissue

The cardiovascular system � Maintain internal homeostasis. � Regulate body temperature � Maintain tissue and cellular p. H.

Chordae Tendineae

Chordae Tendineae

Layers of heart

Layers of heart

Artery Vein

Artery Vein

Cardiac cell type � Cardiac fibroblast � Vascular cells � Purkinje cells � Connective

Cardiac cell type � Cardiac fibroblast � Vascular cells � Purkinje cells � Connective tissue cells � Cardiac myocytes

Cardiomypathy

Cardiomypathy

Cardiomypathy Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomypathy Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Septal Defect: A Hole in the Heart's Wall

Septal Defect: A Hole in the Heart's Wall

foramen ovale Patent Ductus Arteriosus

foramen ovale Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Interpreting ECG

Interpreting ECG

Effects of toxicants on the cardiovascular system There are several different injury mechanism associated

Effects of toxicants on the cardiovascular system There are several different injury mechanism associated with cardiac toxicants. � Generation of free redicals � Lipid peroxidation � Impaired membrane integrity � Mitochondrial dysfunction � Sarcoplasmic reticulum dysfunction � Altered calcium homeostasis

Cardiotoxicants and the associated injuries

Cardiotoxicants and the associated injuries

Blood toxicology � Direct and indirect damage to the hematopoietic system may produce hypoxia,

Blood toxicology � Direct and indirect damage to the hematopoietic system may produce hypoxia, hemorrhage, infection and death. � Primary hematotoxicity � Secondary hematotoxicity

Toxicants-induced effects on blood Ethanol Benzene Vinyl chloride Nitrates Antimony Arsine Methyl chloride Warfarin

Toxicants-induced effects on blood Ethanol Benzene Vinyl chloride Nitrates Antimony Arsine Methyl chloride Warfarin Alkylating agents Sideroblastic anemia Aplastic anemia Acquride prophyria Methemoglobinemia Neutropenia Thrombocytopenia Hemolytic anemia Alteration in blood clotting system Agranulocytopenia