Towards Sustainable Development Greening EU Development Cooperation Module

Towards Sustainable Development – Greening EU Development Cooperation Module 2 Key concepts

Planetary Boundaries

3 Environment Canada (2012)

Mitigation vs Adaptation

Source: WWF (2016)

Ecosystem Services - Rwanda ü Due to environmental degradation, poverty has increased and soil loss of 15 million tons/yr, costing the country 2% of its GDP annually – equivalent to the reduction in the country’s capacity to feed 40, 000 people per year ü Cost of electricity increased up to 167% per unit cost following degradation of Gishwati forest and Rugezi wetland Source: UN PEI (2015) https: //www. wageningenur. nl/en/show/Developme nt-of-a-MSc-programme-in-Agroforestry-and-Soil. Management-in-Rwanda. htm

What is… …Natural Capital? • Natural capital is: o Land o Air o Water o Living organisms (e. g. fish) Source: TEEB Study o Etc. • Provides habitat and basis for all living beings, including mankind • Can be considered like an asset in a bank account that generates interest • Should not be depleted

Natural capital is fundamental to developing countries • Natural capital is the largest component of wealth in lowincome countries (47% in 2014), and accounts for more than ¼ of wealth in lower-middle-income countries Source: World Bank (2018) • Ecosystem services and other non-market goods make up 50 -90% of total source of livelihoods among poor rural and forest-dwelling households worldwide (GDP of the Poor) Source: TEEB (2010) http: //oceanservice. noaa. gov/oce ans/corals/ http: //www. nashvillescene. com/bites /archives/2014/05/13/bees-and-wild -pollinators-are-still-threatened-what -you-can-do-to-help http: //repeatingislands. com/2013/01/21/theneotropical-mangrove-conservation-alliance/

World Preservation Foundation, 2010 9 Liz Hempel, 2011 The Times of India, 2012

Climate Change Environmental degradation Probability Consequences Risk: The combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences 10

Sustainable Development

Green Economy “An economy that can secure growth and development, while at the same time improving human well-being, providing decent jobs, reducing inequalities, tackling poverty and preserving the natural capital upon which we all depend. ” Commission Communication “Rio+20: towards the green economy and better governance’’ COM (2011) 363 adopted on 20 June 2011

Traditional vs Green economics Biosphere Waste Pollution Resources Ecosystem services Biosphere