Totalitarianism Characteristics of Fascism Fascism vs Communism Both

Totalitarianism

Characteristics of Fascism

Fascism vs. Communism • • Both promote extreme nationalism Both outlaw political opposition Both used propaganda & secret police Fascism did not promise a classless society

Political Freedom Economic Control ----------- DEMOCRATIC SOCIALISM DEMOCRATIC CAPITALISM ------------------------COMMUNISM (Dictatorial Socialism) FASCISM (Dictatorial Capitalism) Political Control Economic Freedom

Three Aims • National pride • Economy • Due justice to those responsible for downfall Examples of how words are used that paint an inaccurate picture

Principles • • Nationalism Struggle Loyalty Uniformity Indoctrination

• (Fasces: symbol of authority in Ancient Rome) • Dictatorship anti-democracy and socialismweak, state does not exists to serve the people • No civil liberties nor multiparty system • No link between people and state- people are nothing state is everything • Empires/nationalism exaggerated achievements • Military and war were good brought out best qualities in people- superiority to rule the world

Italy • Economic struggle (taxes, inflation, unemployment) • Threat of Communism (workers seized factories) • Weak government (coalition government) • No past experience with democracy • People focused on working not on government • Expecting more territory

Benito Mussolini Il Duce • Gained support amidst economic downturn • Against communism/workers’ revolt • Gained support of middle and upper classes • Forced King to abdicate thrown to Mussolini

• http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=00 tf. I c 7_9 b. A • In what ways was Mussolini successful? • What was appealing to Americans about fascism? • How did Mussolini’s invasion effect Hitler? Of Ethiopia

• • • Totalitarian government Single party platform Secret police Jailed opponents Controlled media Controlled labor Model of fascism Black Shirts Industry under private ownership • Lateran Pacts – Catholicism official religion, pope ruler of the Vatican

• Militaryindoctrination of youth • Grow military but w/ no natural resources • Collaborated with Hitler/Germany, Franco/Spain, Hideki Tojo/Japan • League response=none

Japan 1930 s • Tojo • Military dictator • Taking land by force • League response = none

Spain 1930 • Francisco Franco • Hitler help lead a fascist takeover in Spain • League response= none

Hitler 1930 s • Inspired by Mussolini • Schutzstaffel- SS loyal to Hitler – police • Gestopo – Secret police • Mentally terrorized into obedience

Mein Kampf My Struggle • The master plan for Germany’s “master race” – Aryan (misnomer: Iranian) • Non-Aryan: Jews, Slavs, Gypsies • Against Treaty of Versailles • Sought more territory in Eastern Europe and Russia

Government -Third Reich (German Reich - Greater German Reich) • Ulitimate power • Applaud or agree was only option • Brutally suppressed opposition • Deprived people of human dignity and civil liberties

Education • Classes and information changed to fit Nazi ideals • Only Nazi textbooks • Only Nazi teachers • Publicly burned books not supporting Nazism • • (Chemistry: poisonous gases, Math: bomb making, Social Studies: evils of democracy and superiority of Aryans) (Scientist worked on bombs. Anthropologist supremacy of Aryan Hitler’s Youth Go to Community School

Jews • Banned – Any expression of art – Citizenship – Synagogues – Jobs – Businesses – Homes Large scale physical violence Torture, starvation, labor camps

• Religion: controlled – Nazism went against founding principles of Christianity • Women: inferior • Labor and Industry: total control • Military: built large and power, began taking over lands in Europe (Hitler’s Youth) • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=6 B 4 l 9 g 0 wqjs

Thus the Central Powers are formed With little response from the newly organized League of Nation