Totalitarianism Chapter 14 Section 2 Totalitarianism l Stalin

Totalitarianism Chapter 14 Section 2

Totalitarianism l Stalin Becomes Dictator l Stalin: “man of steel” l Lenin believed Stalin to be a dangerous man l concentrated power l 1928, total command l Trotsky exiled 1929

Totalitarianism l Stalin Builds a Totalitarian State l Lenin, Trotsky: worldwide Communist Rev. l focused on Russian development l “socialism in one country” l centralized state control l over public and private life l “sense of security”

Totalitarianism l Stalin l Seizes Control of the Economy An Industrial Revolution l Command economy l both industrial and agriculture l “Five Year Plans” l rapid industrial growth, strengthen defense l impossibly high quota l controlled the worker’s life l imprisoned or executed those not contributing l 1928 -1937: production up 25%

Totalitarianism l An Agricultural Revolution l more brutal l seized 25+ million farms (private) l “collective farms” l protests by peasants l terror and violence l 5 -10 million died, or shipped to Siberia l kulaks, eliminated them l 1938, 90% of peasants on farms

Weapons of Totalitarianism l Police Terror l destroy his enemies l executed millions of “so-called” traitors l 1934, Great Purge, members of the Communist l “crimes against the Soviet state. ” l secret police not above the law “quotas of criminals” l 1939: Stalin has “total” control of government and the party l 8 -13 million died

Weapons of Totalitarianism l Indoctrination l instruction of the government’s beliefs- to mold the mind l party leaders lectured workers and peasants on the ideas of communism l State supported youth groups…training ground

Weapons of Totalitarianism l Propaganda l biased or incomplete information…to sway people l soviet newspapers, radio… glorified achievements l “Socialist realism”. . . artistic style praises Soviet life and Communist values l Stalin didn’t tolerate individual creativity l controlled newspapers, motion pictures, radio, and other forms of communication

Weapons of Totalitarianism l Religious l replace Persecution religious teaching…with communists ideas l atheists l Russian Orthodox Church…main target l destroyed churches and synagogues l Religious leaders…killed or sent to labor camps

Daily Life Under Stalin l Soviet Women l 1917, women won equal rights l new educational opportunities l 1950, 75% of doctors were women l responsible for household and child care l motherhood…patriotic duty

Daily Life Under Stalin l Education l government controlled all education l not merely indoctrination l university and tech training…key to better life