Total Eclipse of My Heart Breanna Schuster Kalene

Total Eclipse of My Heart Breanna Schuster ~ Kalene Winn ~ Jennifer Cobb

What is… • Pulse/Heart Rate The rate at which a heart beats • Radial Pulse Found on radial artery in the wrist • Resting Heart Rate Number of contractions the heart experiences in a single minute while the body is at complete rest. • Target Heart Rate Attained during or after any aerobic activity. .

Demographics • Age – Age does not significantly change resting heart rate, but maximum heart rate will decrease. • Weight - More weight increases the work of the muscles • Gender – Women have higher heart rates asleep and awake than men.

Walking UP Stairs ~ Walking DOWN Stairs INQUIRY ONE

QUESTION: What impact does walking UP stairs have on our heart rate compared to walking DOWN stairs?

CLAIM Heart rates will be higher after walking UP stairs

walking …walking… The muscles used walking up stairs and down stairs are the same muscles. • Gluteus maximus • A number of key hamstrings muscles. • Other major thigh muscles, such as the quadriceps and the sartorius (longest muscle in the body). When walking up stairs these muscles are contracting and tensing up much more, causing them to use more energy.

DOWN � UP�

Taking Your Pulse • Easiest places to find your pulse: – Wrists – Inside of elbow – Side of neck – Top of foot

What factors affect heart rate? • These factors can affect heart rate: – Air temperature – Humidity – Body position (sitting vs. standing) – Emotions – Medication use – Food consumption (depending on the amount, one’s RHR can raise to over 100 BPM!)

Dehydration • Drinking water before and after exercise prevents dehydration. • Dehydration effects: – Increasing heart rate – Induces stress on heart

Does Age Affect Heart Rate? • Age does not directly affect heart rate. • However… – As one’s age increases, telomere shortening and deconditioning cause heart rate to decrease. – By subtracting your age from 220, you can determine your maximum heart rate. This works for both RHR and THR.

Women vs. Men • Women are naturally built to have less muscle mass than men. • Muscle is in charge of much of the body’s metabolism. • Women have faster heart rate to speed up metabolism. (Higher heart rate heightens metabolism rate).

Walking DOWN Stairs INQUIRY #1 AVERAGES WEIGHT & HEIGHT RESTING HEART RATE TARGET HEART RATE BREANNA 132 5’ 6” 74. 6 BPM 77. 7 BPM KALENE 130 5’ 6¼” 71 BPM 73. 8 BPM JENNIFER 241 5’ 3” 86. 7 BPM 108. 3 BPM

Walking UP Stairs INQUIRY #1 AVERAGES WEIGHT & HEIGHT RESTING HEART RATE TARGET HEART RATE BREANNA 132 5’ 6” 74. 6 BPM 95 BPM KALENE 130 5’ 6¼” 71 BPM 126 BPM JENNIFER 241 5’ 3” 86. 7 BPM 134 BPM

Walking Upstairs Listening to Music INQUIRY TWO

QUESTION What impact does different genres of music have on our heart rates when going UP stairs?

THERAPY Music is therapeutic for a number of reasons. – Improving respiration – Lowering blood pressure – Reduce heart rate – Relax muscle tension – Stress and anxiety

Songs Chosen Metallica ~ “Master of Puppets” Enya ~ “Only Time” Gregorian Chant ~ “Dies Irae”

CLAIM The Metallica song will cause our heart rate to be the highest in comparison to the other two songs

ROCK ON!!!. . or not…

Music… 3 Genres WALKING UPSTAIRS TO 3 GENRES OF MUSIC Weight & Height Resting Heart Rate Artists Target Heart Rate BREANNA 132 5’ 6” 73 Enya 106 132 5’ 6” 73 Gregorian Chant 100 132 5’ 6” 73 Metallica 108 KALENE 130 5’ 6¼” 79. 3 Enya 132 130 5’ 6¼” 79. 3 Gregorian Chant 137 130 5’ 6¼” 79. 3 Metallica 129 JENNIFER 241 5’ 3” 80 Enya 134 241 5’ 3” 80 Gregorian Chant 137 241 5’ 3” 80 Metallica 140

Arm Placement While Walking Upstairs INQUIRY THREE

QUESTION What impact does the placement of our arms have on our heart rate?

CLAIM Positioning our arms with hands laced will cause our heart rate to be less than the other two positions.

PLACEMENT OF ARMS WALKING UPSTAIRS Test 1 Resting Heart Weight/Height Rate BREANNA Arm Position Arm Placement 132 lbs. /5’ 6” Target Heart Rate 72 BPM Behind Head 84 BPM 2 132 lbs. /5’ 6” 72 BPM Straight Up 88 BPM 3 132 lbs. /5’ 6”. 72 BPM Straight Out 92 BPM 112 BPM Behind Head 112 BPM Straight Up 122 BPM 112 BPM Straight Out 130 BPM KALENE 1 2 3 130 lbs. /5’ 6 ¼” JENNIFER 1 241 lbs. /5’ 3” 92 BPM Behind Head 126 BPM 2 241 lbs. /5’ 3” 92 BPM Straight Up 128 BPM 3 241 lbs. /5’ 3” 92 BPM Straight Out 146 BPM

Understanding Blood Pressure • Blood pressure is affected by how fast the heart beats. • When heart rate increases, blood pressure rises. • When heart rate decreases, blood pressure drops.

Blood Pressure • Normotensive – having normal blood pressure (<120/80) • Hypertensive – having high blood pressure (>140/90)

REFERENCES

References • • • Edelson, Ed. Health Day News: Music can make the heart beat faster. Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: //abcnews. go. com/Healthday/story? id=7902380 Laskowski, Edward R. Healthy Lifestyle Fitness: What’s a normal resting heart rate? Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: //www. mayocliinic. org/healthy-living/fitness/expert-answers/heart-rate/faq 20057979 Lowis, Steven. Muscles Engaged While Walking. Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: //www. livestrong. com/artice/108404 -muscles-walking-exercise Mourad, A. Journal of Human Hypertension: Arm position and blood pressure. Retrieved April 22, 2014 from http: //www. nature. com/jhh/journal/v 17/n 6/full/1001563 a. html N/A. Heart Disease Health Center: Pulse Measurement. Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: //www. webmd. com/heart-disease/pulse-measurement N/A. GIA Publication, INC. What is a Gregorian chant? Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: /www. giamusic. com/sacred_music/chant_what_is. cfm. N/A. New Health Guide. How to Increase Lung Capacity. Retrieved April 22, 2014 from http: //www. newhealthguide. org/How-To-Increase_Lung_Capacity. html Schuster, Teresa. (2014, April 23). Personal Interview. Shannon, Jenny. Spencer, Crystal. Thorne, Jaymie. The Effects of Music on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure. Retrieved April 21, 2014 from http: //spot. colorado. edu/~basey/jthorne. html Williams, Shayna. (2014, April 15). Telephone Interview.

References • • • “All about heart rate and pulse”, American Heart Association, Retrievedfrom: http: //www. heart. org/HEARTORG/Conditions/More/My. Heartand. Stroke. News/All-About-Heart-Rate. Pulse_UCM_438850_Article. jsp Haywood, S, “Climbing stairs for weight loss”, Retrieved from: http: //www. weightloss. com. au/exercise-articles/stair-climbing. html “High pulse rate”, New Health Guide, Retrieved from: http: //www. newhealthguide. org/High-Pulse-Rate. html Jackson, (Father) J, “On good health and gregorian chant”, Interview with Dr. Alfred Tomatis, Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Bulletin, Littleton, Colorado (May 1978) Labbe, E, et al, Applied Psychophysiology Biofeedback (2007) 32: 163 -168, Retrieved from: http: //ruby. fgcu. edu/courses/ndemers/sciproc/coping%20 with%20 stress. pdf Larson, M, “Why does my heart rate drop when I raise my arms”, October 21, 2013, Retrieved from: http: //www. livestrong. com/article/315286 -why-does-my-heart-rate-drop-when-i-raise-my-arms-up/ “Music tempo's effect on heart rate”. Study. Mode. com. (2013, 04). Retrieved 04, 2013, from http: //www. studymode. com/essays/Music. Tempo%27 s-Effect-On-Heart-Rate-1587701. html Pollatou, E, et al, “The effect of three ranges of arm position height in heart rate during high impact aerobic dance”, University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Trikala, Greece, Retrieved from: www. pe. uth. gr/sk Roque, A L, et al, “The effects of auditory stimulation with music on heart rate variability in healthy women” Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013 July; 68(7): 960– 967. doi: 10. 6061/clinics/2013(07)12 “Stair climbing benefits”, Retrieved from: https: //www. stepjockey. com/stair-climbing-benefits Zuhlsdorf, J, “Can gregorian chant synchronize hearts? ” Friar Z’s Blog 10 July 2013 Graphic credit: Metallica logo (slide 14) Retrieved from: www. metallicawallpaper. com