TORTORA FUNKE CASE Microbiology AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION
TORTORA • FUNKE • CASE Microbiology AN INTRODUCTION EIGHTH EDITION B. E Pruitt & Jane J. Stein Chapter 12, part A The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths
Fungi, Algae, Protozoa and Helminths Table 12. 1
The Fungi • Eukaryotic • Aerobic or facultatively anaerobic • Chemoheterotrophic • Most are decomposers • Mycology is the study of fungi • Live as unicellular yeast and/or molds
Mycology: The Study of Fungi Table 12. 2
Fungus
Molds • Formed by filaments of hyphae. • A mass of hyphae is mycelium. • The fungal thallus is a body of hyphae. • Maybe septate or aseptate Figure 12. 2
Yeasts • Unicellular fungi • Budding yeasts divide asymmetrically • May form short hyphae called pseudohyphae Figure 12. 3
Dimorphism • Pathogenic dimorphic fungi are yeastlike at 37°C and moldlike at 25°C Figure 12. 4
Fungal Life Cycle Figure 12. 7
Asexual spores • Sporangiospores • Enclosed in sporangium • Sporangiophore • Holds up the sporangium • Chlamydospore - thickened • Conidiospore • (free not enclosed) • Arthrospore - joint • Blastoconidium - budding Figure 12. 1
Conidiospores Figure 12. 5
Sexual reproduction • Plasmogamy Haploid donor cell nucleus (+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell (–) • Karyogamy + and – nuclei fuse • Meiosis Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)
Sexual spores • Zygospore Fusion of haploid cells produces one zygospore Figure 12. 6
Sexual spores • Ascospore Formed in a sac (ascus) Figure 12. 7
Sexual spores • Basidiospore Formed externally on a pedestal (basidium) Figure 12. 8
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