Tornadoes By Aidan Knapfl Introduction Tornadoes are one

Tornadoes By Aidan Knapfl

Introduction: • Tornadoes are one of the most fearsome storms/natural disasters ever known to humanity due to there reputation of how strong they are and how dangerous they can get. The pure sound and physical form of a tornado will make you freeze in fear and shock. With these thoughts in mind, you may be wondering what are tornados? In this presentation we will learn about tornados in how they form, when and why they form, how dangerous they are, and how dangerous they can be.

What are tornadoes? : • To put in simply, tornadoes are a rotating cone/funnel of air that is created from a certain type of thunderstorm called a supercell.

How does it happen (mechanics of it)? : • Tornadoes are made from powerful thunderstorms known as supercells. cold and dry air from Canada plus warm and moist air from the Gulf of Mexico combine and then create an unstable atmosphere. A sudden change in wind direction and an increase in wind speed with increasing altitude occurs and begins to make a horizontal spiral shape in the lower atmosphere. Rising air then begins to make the horizontal spiral go vertical and form an area of rotating cloud around 2 -6 miles wide in which a tornado forms in the area of the rotation. Mechanics of a tornado:

Has it happened yet on Earth, or anywhere? If so, when, where? Describe an example: • Tornadoes happen all over earth in certain locations on the regular in specific locations around the world. Some examples of where tornadoes have occurred: • Australia, Europe, Africa, Asia, South America, New Zealand, Argentina, Bangladesh, Canada. • Tornadoes Mainly happen the most in the central united states typically in Texas and Kansas. Texas gets an average of 155 tornadoes per year and Kansas gets 96 tornadoes per year (both an average).

Has it happened yet on Earth, or anywhere? If so, when, where? Describe an example pt 2: • Tornado alley is an area in the central united states where tornadoes occur the most. The states that are part of tornado alley are Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kansas, South Dakota, Iowa and Nebraska. These states get the most tornadoes because there flat land there location as cold dry air form the south of Canada and warm dry air and warm moist air from the gulf of Mexico, flow to the are of tornado alley and mix. These types of air are the ingredients to creating a tornado. Tornadoes can happen any time, but they mostly occur during the seasons of spring and summertime however to be more specific, they happen during the months of May and June. • An example of when and where a tornado happened: On July 31 st, 1987, a EF 4 level Tornado touched down in Edmonton, Alberta due to severe thunderstorms and caused $332. 27 million dollars in damages and killed 27 people and injured about 300. This event became known as the Edmonton Tornado. Diagram of Tornado Alley:

Evidence that it happened? : • Evidence that it happened? • Aulatpur–Saturia Tornado: • On April 26, 1989, a EF 3 tornado touched down in Manikganj District, Bangladesh and killed 1, 300 people and injured 12, 000. The tornado spinning at 150 mph and its path, destroyed everything it crossed and went pass as the tornado pulled out trees from the ground and completely destroyed buildings and homes of the Bangladesh people in which thousands of people were left homeless. The Aulatpur-Saturia Tornado became to be known as the deadliest tornado every recorded. Aftermath of Aulatpur–Saturia Tornado:

Many deaths? Human or otherwise? : • In the united states, 70 people die from tornadoes each year however, the amount of deaths per average may rise due to climate change which will create more thunderstorms and in turn, possibly create more tornadoes. • Animals are also among the victims of tornadoes however this depends on were the tornado lands and how powerful it is. People and animals are usually killed by the flying debris picked up, flung around, thrown, and carried by a tornado. • In some cases, a tornado can even pick up people and animals and fling them away, which usually leads to instant death and if your lucky you may survive. • An example of this was in New South Wales, Australia in which a man named Gavin Hodgson got picked up by a tornado in his truck and got flung into a powerline and managed to miraculously survive the situation.

How much risk is there to us here of this natural disaster? : • In Canada, provinces such as Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Ontario, southern Quebec, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island have the most tornadoes out of the other provinces in Canada’s deadliest tornado on record was on the 30 th of June in 1912 in which a tornado called the Regina Cyclone (Was a popular name for tornado) in Saskatchewan and killed 28 people and left many injured. It destroyed more then 400 buildings and homes in its path. In British Columbia specifically, there has been very few tornado’s with only 6 tornadoes that have happened in all of BC as it is the least tornado prone province on a yearly average in Canada. Destroyed house caused by Regina Cyclone:

Are there movies about it? Summarize it/them. Are they realistic? : • Some movies about tornadoes are Twister and Sharknado. Twister is a movie about a storm chaser named Ben and a meteorologist named Jo. Ben and Jo filed a divorce but had to put that aside and had to observe and survive multiple tornadoes that are raving the state of Oklahoma. This movie and the storms/ tornadoes Look very realistic and because of that the movie won the BAFTA Award for best special visual effects.

Are there movies about it? Summarize it/them. Are they realistic? pt 2: • Sharknado is about a group of friends who are attempting to survive and put a stop shark infested tornados from the Santa Monica Coast. This movie is 100% unrealistic due to the fact that sharks would be killed instantly by the tornado as the sharks are being thrown and tossed around to the ground. Keep in mind however this movie was created as somewhat serious joke in that its intentionally meant to be very cheesy and bad movie.

Fujita Scale: • There is a system for measuring how powerful a tornado can be. This system is called the Fujita scale. The system was made by Dr. Tetsuya Theodore Fujita in 1971. The system has 6 levels to identify how powerful a tornado is in which the lowest level is EF 0, EF 1, EF 2, EF 3, EF 4, and EF 5 being the most dangerous level out of the 6. Picture of Dr. Tetsuya Theodore Fujita:

Fun facts: • Tornados typically occur between the times of 9 pm and 3 pm but can still happen anytime. • The widest tornado on record was the El Reno tornado with a width of 2. 6 miles long. • The most tornados on the ground at once was 207 tornadoes. • Tornadoes have been on every continent but Antarctica. • Tornadoes can have wind speed from 110 mph-300 mph.

Bibliography: Sources: • https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tornado_Alley • https: //scied. ucar. edu/learning-zone/storms/tornadoes/where-tornadoeshappen#: ~: text=Tornadoes%20 can%20 form%20 at%20 any, year%20 per%2010%2 C 000%20 sq%20 miles%3 F • https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Edmonton_tornado • https: //www. redbull. com/ca-en/tornado-seven-great-escapes • https: //www. nationalgeographic. com/environment/natural-disasters/tornadoes/ • https: //www. weatherwizkids. com/weathertornado. htm#: ~: text=Most%20 tornadoes%20 form%20 from%20 thunderstorms, create%20 instability%20 in%20 the%20 atmosphere. &text=Most%20 strong%20 an d%20 violent%20 tornadoes%20 form%20 within%20 this%20 area%20 of%20 strong%20 rotation. • https: //www. arcgis. com/apps/Map. Journal/index. html? appid=dd 5 edb 10 d 8374004 b 9 c 9 c 542874 b 80 da • https: //www. imdb. com/title/tt 0117998/ • https: //www. imdb. com/title/tt 2724064/ • https: //www. accuweather. com/en/weather-news/10 -tornado-facts-you-might-not-know-about/350390

Bibliography: Pictures: • https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1999_Bridge_Creek%E 2%80%93 Moore_tornado • https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tornado • https: //scied. ucar. edu/learning-zone/storms/how-tornadoes-form • https: //www. nbcnews. com/news/weather/huge-tornadoes-leave-awe-little-damage-kansas-oklahoma-n 579881 • https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tornado_Alley • http: //bangladeshtornado. weebly. com/effects-of-the-tornado. html • https: //www. nytimes. com/2020/08/04/climate/hurricanes-tornadoes. html • https: //www. saskarchives. com/collections/exhibits/regina-cyclone-1912 • https: //www. imdb. com/title/tt 0117998/ • https: //www. imdb. com/title/tt 2724064/? ref_=nv_sr_srsg_0 • https: //sciencenotes. org/today-science-history-november-19 -fujita-scale/ https: //spectrumnews 1. com/oh/columbus/weather/2019/06/07/tornado-alley-shifting-east