TOPOGRAPHY 1 LABEL YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPOGRAPHY

TOPOGRAPHY 1. LABEL YOUR TABLE OF CONTENTS “TOPOGRAPHY NOTES” 2. LABEL YOUR PAGE WITH TITLE, DATE AND PAGE NUMBER 3. WAIT FOR DIRECTIONS

ENGAGE: UNDERSTANDING TOPOGRAPHY 1. Draw a box in your notes 2. Close your hand in a fist. 3. In pen, trace over the lines of your knuckle on one finger. 4. Now open your hand sketch what the lines look like in the box in your notes. 5. Wait for directions

TOPOGRAPHY LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. IDENTIFY STRUCTURES ON A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP. 2. USE A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP TO DESCRIBE THE ELEVATION OF LANDFORMS.

What is a topographic map?

WHAT IS A TOPOGRAPHIC MAP? • A topographic map is a special kind of map that provides 3 dimensional information in a drawing. • Natural structures like mountains, valleys, plains, lakes, and rivers are shown on a topographic map. • You will also find manmade structures like roads, boundaries, radio towers, and major buildings • Topographic maps are used by engineers as they look for coal, oil, and gas. They can be used to plan residential and commercial. And they are used by the military and for recreational purposes like hiking and camping.

TOPOGRAPHY VOCABULARY • Topography is the shape, or features, of the land. • Contour Lines are lines that show an area’s elevation, slope, and relief.

LET’S TAKE A WALK UP A HILL!

WE’RE NOW AT AN ELEVATION OF 100 METERS. 100 m

LET’S KEEP GOING! 100 m

NOW WE’RE AT 200 M. 200 m 100 m

SHALL WE MARCH ON? 200 m 100 m

WE’VE MADE IT TO 300 M! 300 m 200 m 100 m

ON TO THE PEAK! 300 m 200 m 100 m

WE’RE ON THE PEAK, BUT WHAT’S OUR ELEVATION? 300 m 200 m 100 m

ANY IDEAS? Let’s add contour lines for every 50 meters and see if that helps. 300 m 200 m 100 m

We know that we are above 350 m, but less than 400 m. 350 m 300 m 250 m 200 m 150 m 100 m 50 m

Let’s head down the hill, it’s getting late! 350 m 300 m 250 m 200 m 150 m 100 m 50 m

Now what’s our elevation? If you said somewhere between 200 m and 250 m you are right! 350 m 300 m 250 m 200 m 150 m 100 m 50 m

Let’s try this again! 350 m 300 m 250 m 200 m 150 m 100 m 50 m

What’s our elevation now? If you said 50 m or just under, you’re right! 350 m 300 m 250 m 200 m 150 m 100 m 50 m

LET’S NOW LOOK AT THE SAME HILL, BUT THE WAY WE MIGHT SEE IT FROM AN AIRPLANE!

Each color change represents a 50 meter increase.

Now, let’s try the same hike! Our elevation is 0 meters.

Now what is our elevation?

If you said more than 150 meters, but less than 200 meters your right!

Let’s go a little higher.

Think you know our elevation now? More than 300 meters But less than 350 meters

IF WE WERE STANDING ON THE PEAK, WHAT WOULD BE OUR ELEVATION? • More than 350 meters, less than 400 meters

Let’s head down hill.

Know our elevation?

More than 100 meters, less than 150 meters

WHAT DO YOU NOTICE ABOUT THIS MAP AND THE AIRPLANE VIEW? ANYTHING SIMILAR? DIFFERENCES?

UNDERSTANDING CONTOUR LINES

UNDERSTANDING CONTOUR LINES • Contour lines never cross, because each line represents an exact elevation. • Circles show highest and lowest points. (Contour lines form closed circles around mountaintops, hilltops, and the centers of depressions, which are sunken areas in the ground). • Contour interval is the difference in elevation from one contour line to the next.

Contour lines & contour intervals o Contour lines are drawn at specific intervals known as the contour interval. o What is the contour interval on this map? o 10 meters o Are you ready to read your own map?

ste ow is h pe Slo Elevation is the height above sea level of a land form. ep t he lan dfo rm is. GPS stands for Global Positioning System – a satellite navigation system used to determine a specific location anywhere on the globe. Relief is the difference between a high point and low point.

UNDERSTANDING ELEVATION Interesting Fact: Sanger is 669 feet above sea level. The city of New Orleans is 6. 5 feet below sea level. What does sea level mean?

UNDERSTANDING SLOPE Slope is how steep the landform is. Steeper Slope (or gradient) Gradual Slope (or gradient)

UNDERSTANDING RELIEF Relief is the difference between a high point and low point. 2500 -1500 = 1000 A B The difference between A and B is a relief of 1000!

UNDERSTANDING GPS stands for Global Positioning System – a satellite navigation system used to determine a specific location anywhere on the globe. Artist's conception of GPS Block II-F satellite in Earth orbit. GPS receivers are now integrated in many mobile phones. U. S. Air Force Senior Airman runs through a checklist during Global Positioning System satellite operations.