Topic The spread of civilization in East Southeast

Topic: The spread of civilization in East/ Southeast Asia By: Saad, Jaizer, Sheika, and Victor Aim: How Did The Ming Dynasty restore rule in China? Do Now: How do you stabilize a war torn country and what are things you need to consider after taking over a war torn country? Note: Not mandatory to copy exact notes, except where highlighted, paraphrase and copy what you feel is important otherwise.

Geography -Ming D. on the right side of Present China -Rivers: (Quiang Hu, Huang Hu, Nou Jiang and Yaungtze Rivers) -

I. The Fall of The Mongol Empire In China -After the Mongols took over China, instead of trying to develop a sturdy civil infrastructure, they used China as a foothold to attack Arabian/Japanese/Vietnamese empires. -These often failing military expeditions caused an economic depletement, on top of the domestic issues that were going on in China. - Even the land the Mongol empire would win would have to be either neglected or withdrawn from the empire because their economy couldn’t handle supporting so much people.

II. Ming Dynasty(1368 -1644) Gains Control - - - A rebellion army known as the Hong Jinjun rebelled against Mongol rule, which was already deteriorating from economic struggle. The army eventually took over the strategic city of Yangtian. General named Zhu Yuanzhang protected China(Joined army and established a military base in this city and initiated military campaigns in the rest of China, while planning them in the city and thwarting off any opposition by force. From 1360 -1367, Zhu attacked Mongol forces until he was able to push them out of China. In 1368 Zhu proclaims himself as the emperor of the newly founded Ming Dynasty.

Notes III. Ming Dynasty Policies - Zhu tried to implement policies that would ease the burden of peasants. Cracked down on Government officials and Judicial systems. Zhu’s sons supervised local governments. (Capitalism originated in this time period). * *Which is also where communism spread, ironically

IV. Inventions and Literature -The Great Wall of China was expanded upon by the Ming Dynasty -Ship Rudders -Tooth brush -Invented physical paper -Poetry was a famous form of Ming literacy which addressed politics and literacy. -Gao Qi, Yuan Zhangdao, Yuan Hungdao, and Ou Daren who wrote political and religious pieces of literature. -Poetry involved “Confucian”thought which essentially meant it addressed daily life which intertwines with politics, religion, nature, love, etc.

Activity You will each be assigned to a group of peoples and write down as a group what your interests are and what you seek from the new found Ming Dynasty, the groups consist of: -Peasants -Military - Government -Mongol Sympathizers You will each be responsible in listing what you want in this new found government and what you have to offer to it. Then as a class we will come to a common consensus on what the future of the empire will be.

Peasants Military Government Mongol Sympathizers - Peasants just went through the Red Turban Rebellion -You need a way to ensure your -As a newly found empire, you need a national guard to enforce laws and wage war. -Mongol warriors slowly became irrelevant as they were made into farmers to support themselves. -Some of the land wasn’t preserved well because of bad farming, war efforts and floods. - How will you train your army? - You need to tend to the land that was disrupted because of your war and the natural disasters. -After the Ming took over they remained farmers of flooded lands, if they had not been killed by plagues that ensued across their land. - Land wasn’t definitely defined for peasants because the ruler changed and the Mongols had control of most of it anyway. - Peasants couldn’t pay for the new dynasty, the war took almost all their possessions. -As peasants you aren’t experienced in combat army stays populated. - What type of tools will you use in battle? -Where will your troops be placed? - You need to organize a legislature for laws. -You need to restore Chinese culture due to the fact the Mongols robbed you of it. - Eventhough you have taken over, some parts of China do not know of your rule or do not want you to rule. Come up with a response for both. - How will you treat the citizens who have just participated in the - While some Mongols refused to budge for the Chinese, some asked for support from the newly founded Ming Dynasty for help -Since most Mongol sympathizers did not know how to farm and were farmers because of the Mongol Empire, they identified themselves as peasants. -Because you were at war you are an experienced warrior

Peasants Military Government Mongol Sympathizers - Land was given to the peasants and they were not taxed for their land. -Families were obligated to have -The government required residents to establish militias that worked in the government and acted as police. -Mongols were killed since they had no use and were enemies. -Families were obligated to have their sons at ready to be automatically enlisted in the army for the sake of their protection -Services were launched by locals and the government to restore the land. - Peasants generally shunned the Mongols -You made local militias who were trained by the locals who served in the Mings Central forces who were trained by some Mongols. their sons at ready to be automatically enlisted in the army. -Ex Mongol leaders took part in training the Ming forces - Swords, and Bows were primarily used. Not a lot of equipment was brought into battle (Agility over Protection) -Troops would protect the borders heavily for the next hundred years and then move inward as borders became more definite. -Land was given to the peasants and they were not taxed for their land. -Descendants of the Ming were required to study law and carry out the execution of those laws. -Literacy and poetry were encouraged to add light to the people’s lives. Construction a; los ensued on the land of peasants. - After the Red Turban Rebellion, task forces were dispatched with fresh troops and evidence showing the death of Mongol leaders. -Services were launched by locals and the government to restore the land. -Mongols that weren’t killed(Usually high ranking ones that were PROVEN to not be directly involved with the war were tasked to train the military. -Some Mongols tried to leave China altogether.

Exit Slip Based on what you experienced in the activity, what is your opinion on re establishing an empire?

Homework Write a 2 paragraph essay on what you learned about shaping governments. This essay must include mongolian context.

Sources -http: //afe. easia. columbia. edu/mongols/china 4_a. htm -http: //www. travelchinaguide. com/intro/history/ming. htm# -http: //totallyhistory. com/ming-dynasty-inventions/ -http: //www. mapsofworld. com/china-river-map. html -http: //www. gac-china. com/China_Insight/China_Facts/The_Land/the_land. html -http: //www. chinahighlights. com/travelguide/china-history/the-ming-dynasty. htm -http: //www. fsmitha. com/h 3/h 12 china. htm