TOPIC Metals vs Nonmetals Classifying the Elements 23
- Slides: 19
TOPIC: Metals vs Nonmetals
Classifying the Elements • 2/3 (75%) of elements are metals • Remaining elements: non-metals & metalloids (semi-metals) • Metalloids: – some properties of metals & some properties of nonmetals • Staircase: – dividing line between metals & nonmetals – elements to left are metals (except H) – elements to right are non-metals
Most elements are solid at room temperature • Some nonmetals are gases – All the noble gases, of course – Some diatomics (H 2 N 2 O 2 F 2 Cl 2) • There are only 2 Liquids at STP (room temp) – Br 2 (non-metal) and Hg (metal)
Properties of Metals • • • Malleable – flattened into sheets Ductile – drawn into wires & tubes have Luster Good Conductors of heat & electricity Solid at room temperature (except Hg) Metals lose electrons & form positive ions “Metals are losers” • Most reactive metal is Fr • Most reactive family is Alkali Metals
So…metals don’t want electrons, they want to get rid of them
Metals also have… • Low electronegativity (low attraction for electrons) • Low ionization energy (doesn’t take a lot of energy to remove an electron)
Decreased Electronegativity Decreased Ionization energy
Properties of Nonmetals • • • generally gases or solids (except Br 2) solids are Brittle solids are Dull poor conductors of heat & electricity Nonmetals gain electrons & form negative ions “Nonmetals are winners” • Most reactive nonmetal is F – Properties: OPPOSITE of metals
So…nonmetals love electrons, they want to take electrons
Nonmetals also have… • high electronegativity (high attraction for electrons) • high ionization energy (takes a lot of energy to remove an electron)
Increased Electronegativity Increased Ionization energy
Properties of Metalloids 7 metalloids: – 5 on right of staircase: B, Si, As, Te, At – 2 on left of staircase: Ge, Sb Each metalloid has some metallic and some nonmetallic properties – Example: Si Metalloids are elements touching the stairs • shiny like metal but brittle like nonmetal (except Al) and have some properties of metals and some of nonmetals
Size of the Atom (Atomic Radius)
Cs has more energy levels, so it’s bigger previous | index | next Li: Group 1 Period 2 Cs: Group 1 Period 6
Atomic Radius Gets Bigger
previous | index | next How about as you go across? !
previous | index | next across row size tends to decrease as go a bit because of greater PPP “proton pulling power”
Atomic Radius Gets Smaller
- Metals vs nonmetals
- Periodic table metals nonmetals metalloids noble gases
- Semi metals periodic table
- Metalloids vs metals
- Least reactive non-metal
- Metals nonmetals and metalloids periodic table
- Periodic table metals nonmetals metalloids
- Periodic table metals nonmetals and metalloids
- Bulletproof metal periodic table
- Metals nonmetals and metalloids answer key
- Metals vs nonmetals vs metalloids
- Differentiate metals nonmetals and metalloids
- Example of metalloids
- Melting point of diamond
- Reactivity in periodic table
- Metals vs nonmetals properties
- Metals nonmetals and semimetals
- Non metals and uses
- Optical properties of metals and nonmetals
- Metals vs nonmetals vs metalloids