Topic Internet The Evolving Internet ARPANET Pioneers Build

Topic: Internet

The Evolving Internet ARPANET Pioneers Build a Reliable Network Advanced Research Projects Agency NETwork (ARPANET) is predecessor to the Internet It was developed at the request of the Department of Defense by a team of visionary computer scientists It was launched in 1969 Peer-to-peer networking philosophy and protocols were copied in other networks in 1980 s By 1990, its technology spawned Internet

Definitions of Internet: The Internet is an interconnected network of thousands of networks. Internet Protocols (IP) ◦ IP is the address for the packets q. Each Internet host computer has a unique IP address q. Each address is comprised of four sets of numbers separated by periods, such as 123. 168. 22

Domain Name System Domain name system is an easier way to remember internet address compare to IP address. These are example of Top Level Domain and Country Code Name.

Domain Name System Top Level Domain include: Top Level Domain Notes . biz Business . education sites . commercial sites . government sites . military sites . network administrator sites . organization sites

Domain Name System Country Code Name: Country Code Malaysia my Singapura sg Indonesia Id Negara Thai th China cn Amerika Syarikat us United Kingdom uk

Uniform Resource Locater (URL) URL is represents the global web address of document, including web pages or image files and program such as CGI application or Java Applet. Protocol: //host/path/filename Eg: http: //www. polikk. edu. my/index. php Øprotocol : http ØComputer host : www ØSecond level domain : polikk ØTop level domain : edu ØCountry internet code : my ØFile Name : index. php

Advantages of Internet: Communication Information Entertainment Services E-commerce

Disadvantages of Internet: Theft Of personal information Spamming Virus threat Pornography

Internet Components: Access- To interact directly with the Internet requires some form of access or connectivity to the Internet. Chat - IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is used for live discussions on the Ecommerce - Taking orders for products and services on the Internet. E-mail - Exchanging electronic letters, messages, and small files. FTP - File Transfer Protocol is the most common method of transferring Hosting - Making information available to others on the Internet. files between computers via the Internet.

Internet Components: Mailing Lists - E-mail messages forwarded to everyone on a special interest list. Search Engines - These tools are really a part of the World Wide Web and are often used when looking for information because the Web has grown so large and is without any inherent organizational structure. Telnet - Creation of a dumb terminal session to a host computer in order to run software applications on the host system. Usenet - Newsgroups for receiving news and sending out announcements. World Wide Web - This is largest, fastest growing, part of the Internet, the part for which Internet browsers like Netscape’s Navigator and Microsoft’s Explorer were designed. Business is the leading factor fueling the rapid growth of the Web making information, advertising, and product ordering readily available to everyone with Web access.

Internet Components: Types of browser: ◦ Internet Explorer ◦ Mozilla Firefox ◦ Safari ◦ Opera ◦ Google Chrome ◦ Netscape Navigator safari opera

Internet Components: Email Clients ◦ A program used to read and send email messages. ◦ As opposed to the email server, which transports mail, an email client is what the user interacts with. ◦ Typical email clients are Outlook Express or Eudora.

Internet Components: FTP Clients File transfer protocol (FTP) allows users to transfer files q Download files from remote servers to their computers q Upload files to remote computers q File compression saves storage space on disk and saves transmission time q When files are transferred through networks

Internet Components: Newsgroups ◦ A newsgroup is an Internet-based discussion about a particular topic. These topics range from sports, cars, investing, teen problems, and some stuff that probably don't want to know about. ◦ Users post messages to a news server which then sends them to a bunch of other participating servers. Then other users can access the newsgroup and read the postings. ◦

Publishing on the Web HTTP (Hypertext transfer protocol) used to transfer Web pages HTML (Hypertext markup language) created for encoding and displaying documents Plug-In and helper application ◦ Real. One, Quick. Time, Shockwave/Flash, Real. Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat Programs that convert document format features into HTML codes: · Microsoft Word, Power. Point Web authoring programs: · Dreamweaver, Microsoft Front. Page

Search Engine Search engines are designed to make it easier to find information on the Web Crawlers or Spiders—software robots that systematically search Web Some search engines use keywords and Boolean logic to conduct searches Other search engines conduct searches using a hierarchical directory or subject tree Specialized search engines—Google Maps, Ask. com, yahoo. com, Shopzilla. com and others

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