Top Quark and W Boson Mass at CDF

Top Quark and W Boson Mass at CDF Young-Kee Kim The University of Chicago Forth Workshop on Mass Origin and Supersymmetry Physics March 6 -8, 2006 Tsukuba, Japan

Origin of Mass There might be something (new particle? !) in the universe that gives mass to particles. Nothing in the universe Something in the universe Higgs Particles: Coupling strength to Higgs is proportional to mass. Photon x Electron Z, W Boson Top Quark x x x 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 2

The importance of MW and Mtop Precision Electroweak Measurements probe the Higgs bosons indirectly by means of quantum corrections.

Quantum Corrections v Large quantum corrections to Electroweak observables come from the top quark. top W Z bottom top Different quantum corrections to MW and MZ With precision (better than ~1%) MW, MZ, cos W measurements, we can predict top quark mass. 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 4

Mtop: Measurements vs. Prediction Top Mass Prediction from the global fit to EW observables Direct measurements from CDF and D 0 Now Limits from direct searches with e+e- and pp 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 5

Quantum Corrections Secondary contributions are from the Higgs. MW = MW 0 + C 1 Mtop 2 + C 2 ln(MHiggs 2) 0 s gg hi Higgs W 80. 3 150 For equal weights in 2 fits for MHiggs, 20 80. 4 M bottom MW (Ge. V) W G 0 30 G e. V 50 0 G e. V 10 0 00 G e. V 80. 5 10 top Inputs: s, em(MZ 2), MZ = v 175 200 Mtop (Ge. V) MW = 0. 007 Mtop ( Mtop = 2 Ge. V, MW = 14 Me. V) 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 6

MW - Mtop - MHiggs (LP’ 05) 80. 5 MW (Ge. V) 5 Discovery Luminosity (fb-1) Higgs Mass: Will the Tevatron’s prediction agree with what LHC measures? 80. 4 80. 3 150 175 Mtop (Ge. V) 200 hard easy 100 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba 200 300 500 800 MHiggs (Ge. V) Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 7

Importance of MW and Mtop in MSSM Additional quantum corrections from SUSY partners (Summer 05) Higher precision MW and Mtop measurements will enable to distinguish between the Standard Model, Light SUSY, and Heavy SUSY 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 8

Importance of Mtop in MSSM G. Degrassi, S. . Heinemeyer, W. Hollik, P. Slavich, G. Weiglein Eur. Phys. Jour. C 28 (2003) 133, hep-ph/0212020 Mtop LEP 2 95%CL SM Higgs Limit Mtop plays a key role in determining Mh in MSSM. Mtop helps constraining MSSM models. 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 9

You should go to the masses learn from them, and synthesize their experience into better, articulated principles and methods, …. - Mao

Tevatron Performance (Run II) Peak Luminosity 2002 2003 2004 2005 Int. Lum. (delivered) / Experiment 2002 2003 2004 2005 Today LP’ 05 shutdown v v Peak luminosity record: 1. 8 1032 cm-2 s-1 Integrated luminosity – weekly record: 27 pb-1 / week / expt – total delivered: 1. 5 fb-1 / expt, total recorded: 1. 3 fb-1 / expt Doubling time: 1 year Future: ~2 fb-1 by 2006, ~4 fb-1 by 2007, ~8 fb-1 by 2009 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 11

Tevatron Detectors CDF DZero Excellent Detectors - tracking, b-tagging, calorimeter, muon CDF Strength: momentum resolution and particle ID(K, ) DZero Strength: muon coverage and energy resolution 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 12

Tevatron MW and Mtop Status in Lepton-Photon 2005 W Mass Tevatron Run I (~110 pb-1) Top Mass Tevatron Run I (~110 pb-1) + Run II (320 -350 pb-1) Run I 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 13

q W, Z q g q W Mass Measurements W e, Z e,

Lepton Momentum and Energy Scale p _ p J/ + - mass vs 1/p. T p / p = - (0. 10 ± 0. 01)% 1 / p. T (Ge. V-1) • Understand passive material well: • Flatness of J/ + - mass over a large p. T range • E/p tail - data vs. simulation • MJ/ = 0. 05 Me. V MB = 0. 2 Me. V CDF Preliminary Data MC p / p = - (0. 03 ± 0. 01)% E(EM cal) p(tracking) e beampipe, silicon e + - mass (Ge. V) near Upsilon 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba E / p of W electrons Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 15

Run II MW Status Run II W e Run II W Data MC W Transverse Mass [Ge. V/c 2] Uncert. Source e II (Ib) II(Ib) Statistics 45 (65) 50(100) e/ p Scale 70 (80) 30 (87) Recoil Energy 50 (37) 50 (35) Backgrounds 20 (5) 20 (25) Prod. & Decay 30 (30) Total Integrated Luminosity [fb-1] MW [Me. V] Run II 200 pb-1 (Run Ib 90 pb-1) 105(110) 85(140) 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba CDF Run II Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 16

W+ t q q b W- t q g : 21% all jets: 44% b Top Mass Measurements b q e+jets: 15% q +jets: 15% ee, e , : 5% e/ +jets is most powerful Large Br, 1 - better than dilepton e+ , all jets Sig / Bgrnd better than gb B tagging g Secondary vertex, Jet Prob. , Soft e/

Mtop Analysis Method: Template v v v Select jet-parton assignment that gives the best 2 for M(2 jets) = MW and M(top) = M(anti-top) Reconstruct top mass – tt-bar MC “templates” with different Mtop values – background “templates” – data Perform maximum likelihood fit to extract measured mass. 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 18

Mtop Analysis Method: Matrix Element v Originally proposed in 1988 by Kuni Kondo – J. Phys. Soc. 57, 4126 v For each event, – All jet-parton assignments are considered and weighted by comparing that to the leading order Matrix element calculation. – A probability distribution is produced. Each curve is a probability function from one Monte Carlo event. 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 19

Jet Energy Determination v Jet energy resolution – 84%/√ET – Statistical uncertainty v Jet energy scale – ~3% for jets from top decay – Dominant systematic uncertainty v New technique in Run II – In-situ calibration using W 2 jets mass in lepton+jets channel 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 20

Mtop in lepton+jets: Template (680 pb-1) Tsukuba group (Shinhong Kim, Taka Maruyama, Tomonobu Tomura, Koji Sato) has been playing key roles!! 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 21

Mtop in lepton+jets and dilepton Channels Lepton+jets Template Matrix Element Mtop (template) = 173. 4 ± 2. 5 (stat. + jet E) ± 1. 3 (syst. ) Ge. V Mtop (matrix element) = 174. 1 ± 2. 5 (stat. + jet E) ± 1. 4 (syst. ) Ge. V Dilepton Mtop (matrix element) = 164. 5 ± 4. 5 (stat. ) ± 3. 1 (jet E. + syst. ) Ge. V 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 22

Mtop Uncertainty (Run II) CDF Run II Preliminary lepton+jets dilepton Matrix Element (680 pb-1) (750 pb-1) Source of Uncertainty lepton+jets Template (680 pb-1) Statistics / Jet Energy Scale 2. 5 Residual / Bgrnd Jet E Scale 0. 8 0. 42 Monte Carlo Statistics 0. 3 0. 04 Monte Carlo Generators 0. 2 0. 19 0. 5 Initial State Gluon Radiation 0. 5 0. 72 0. 5 Final State Gluon Radiation 0. 2 0. 76 0. 5 Parton Distribution Functions 0. 3 0. 12 0. 6 b-tagging 0. 1 0. 31 b jet Energy Scale 0. 60 Background Modeling 0. 5 0. 21 1. 1 Total 2. 8 2. 9 5. 5 4. 5 / 2. 6 CDF Combined: Mtop. CDF = 172. 0 ± 1. 6 ± 2. 2 Ge. V = 172. 0 ± 2. 7 Ge. V 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 23

Mtop in l+jets using Decay Length Technique v v B hadron decay length b-jet boost Mtop Difficult – Measure slope of exponential But systematics dominated by tracking effects – Small correlation with traditional measurements Statistics limited now – Can make significant contribution at LHC Mtop (Lxy) = 183. 9 +15. 7 -13. 9 (stat. ) ± 5. 6 (syst. ) Ge. V 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 24

Other CDF Mtop results (318 - 360 pb-1 data through Aug. 04) v v Three template-style analyses in dilepton channel – Combined result (340 - 360 pb-1) 170. 1 ± 6. 0(stat. ) ± 4. 1(syst. ) Ge. V 63 events joint likelihood Dynamical Likelihood method (Matrix Element) – Lepton+jets (318 pb-1) 173. 2 +2. 6 -2. 4(stat. ) ± 3. 2(syst. ) Ge. V (Kohei Yorita’s Ph. D. Thesis) – Dilepton (340 pb-1) 166. 6 +7. 3 -6. 7(stat. ) ± 3. 2(syst. ) Ge. V (Ryo Tsuchiya’s Ph. D. Thesis) All consistent with more recent measurements reported here. 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 25

Tevatron Top Mass Results Summer 2005 New since Summer 2005 Dilepton: CDF-II Mtop. ME = 164. 5 ± 5. 5 Ge. V Lepton+Jets: CDF-II Mtop. Temp = 174. 1 ± 2. 8 Ge. V CDF-II Mtop. ME = 173. 4 ± 2. 9 Ge. V CDF Combined: Mtop. CDF = 172. 0 ± 1. 6 ± 2. 2 Ge. V = 172. 0 ± 2. 7 Ge. V Updated CDF + DØ combined result is coming! 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 26

Electroweak Projections MW [Me. V] MTop [Ge. V] MHiggs / Mhiggs [%] CDF Run II 10 -2 10 -1 1 10 10 -1 Luminosity / Experiment [fb-1] 1 10 Luminosity / Experiment [fb-1] 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Luminosity / Experiment [fb-1] Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 27

Comments on Projections (e. g. Mtop) CDF Top Mass Uncertainties Run I Measured 110 pb-1 Run II (2 fb-1) Run II Measured Projections in 1996 318 pb-1 680 pb-1 Run II (8 fb-1) Projections In 2005 Mtop = Mtop. Run I / √ Lum. Run II / Lum. Run Int. Lum [pb-1] We have been doing much better than we predicted. Data makes us smarter! 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 28

MW, Mtop and Mhiggs in Tevatron/LHC/ILC 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 29

Conclusions W Mass: v 1 st Run II meas. - coming soon (by this summer) - better than Run I Top Mass: Mtop. CDF = 172. 0 ± 2. 7 Ge. V/c 2 (680 pb-1) v CDF surpassed 2 fb-1 Run II goal of 3 Ge. V/c 2 v Significant improvements in analysis techniques – Matrix element method, in situ jet energy calibration v Tevatron measurements in the LHC era: By LHC turn-on, we expect Mtop~2 Ge. V, MW~30 Me. V. v By the end of this decade, Mtop~1. 5 Ge. V, MW~20 Me. V – Comparable to LHC measurements v Most likely be the best for quite some time. v Higgs mass: – Will Tevatron’s prediction agree with LHC’s direct measurement? v

BACKUP 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 31

MW Luminosity Effects of higher instantaneous luminosity on uncertainty Transverse Momentum W Transverse Mass e, Lepton Transverse Momentum 4 th Workshop on Mass Origin & Supersymmetry: Mar 6 -8, 2006, Tsukuba Young-Kee Kim, Univ. of Chicago 32