TOOLS OF LIFE SCIENTISTS Class Notes Unit 1

TOOLS OF LIFE SCIENTISTS Class Notes Unit 1 Lesson 2

Compound Light Microscope

• Magnifies up to 1000 x • Tube w/ lenses – magnify the object • Stage – holds the specimen • Light – passes through the specimen

Electron Microscopes • Two types: • (1) Transmission electron microscope – magnifies up to 200, 000 x • e- pass through specimen • Flat (2 -D) image • (2) Scanning electron microscope – magnifies up to 100, 000 x • 3 -D image • e- bounce off surface of specimen • Preparation for viewing kills the specimen

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

TEM images – flat (2 -D) MYELINSHEATHED NERVE CELL

BACTERIA

CELL ORGANELLES

ORGANELLES IN TOBACCO POLLEN GRAIN

H 1 N 1 (swine) flu virus (Center for Disease Control & Prevention)

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

SEM images – 3 -Dimensional! ANTARCTIC MITE (1500 x)

DUST MITE

DUST MITE

FLEA

SNAIL RADULA

PENGUIN FEATHER (1500 x)

POLLEN

MICROBES

RED FIRE ANT

FLY FOOT

MOSQUITO (FALSE COLOR)

BAMBOO MITE

SPIDER

X-ray Machines • X-rays go through soft tissue • Blocked by bones, masses – leave shadows • Detect breaks, abnormalities, tumors, etc.

NORMAL LUNGS

NODULE IN LUNG

AORTIC RUPTURE (BLOOD IS CLOUDINESS ON LEFT SIDE)

A SWORD SWALLOWER’S X-RAY

WRIST REPAIR

OOPS!

OUCH

OUCH

PARTIAL HIP REPLACEMENTS

CAT Scan Machine

• Use X-rays • Clearer image than regular X-rays

CAT SCAN OF BRAIN

DO-ITYOURSELF CAT SCAN

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Machines

• Use magnetism, computers to make images

MRI Machine

THE END