TONSILITIS DEFINITION Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils

TONSILITIS.

DEFINITION: Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils.

CAUSES : Bacterial and viral infections can cause tonsillitis. A common cause is Streptococcus (strep) bacteria. Other common causes include: Ø Adenoviruses Ø Influenza virus Ø Epstein-Barr virus Ø Parainfluenza viruses Ø Enteroviruses Ø Herpes simplex virus

SYMPTOMS: The main symptoms of tonsillitis are inflammation of the tonsils, sometimes severe enough to block the airways. Other symptoms include: Throat pain or tenderness Redness of the tonsils A white or yellow coating on the tonsils Painful blisters or ulcers on the throat

CONTD… Hoarseness or loss of voice Headache Loss of appetite Ear pain Difficulty swallowing or breathing through the mouth Swollen glands in the neck or jaw area Fever, chills Halitosis

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION: History collection Physical examination Rapid strep test Throat swab culture

CENTOR CRITERIA Culture of Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus (GABS) is inefficient as a diagnostic criterion as it is too slow History of fever. Tonsillar exudates. No cough. Tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy.

MANAGEMENT: If strep test is positive, start antibiotics. Ø Penicillin V Ø Erythromycin Ø Azithromycin Ø Ampicillin

Contd. . For viral cause, Get enough rest Drink warm or very cold fluids to ease throat pain Eat smooth foods, such as flavored gelatins, ice cream, or applesauce Gargle with warm salt water Suck on lozenges containing benzocaine or other anesthetics

Contd. . Take pain killers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Humidify the air

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT: If tonsillitis is recurrent or persistent, or if enlarged tonsils cause upper airway obstruction or difficulty eating, surgical removal of the tonsils, called tonsillectomy, may be necessary.

BEFORE AFTER TONSILLECTOMY

COMPLICATIONS: Obstructive Otitis sleep apnea media Septicemia Tonsillar cellulitis Tonsillar abscess Rheumatic fever Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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