Tone Tone vs Mood Tone is the authors

Tone

Tone vs Mood • Tone is the author’s attitude towards the subject • Mood is way reader is intended to feel

How is tone discovered? • • • Diction (word choice/single words) Syntax (sentence structure) POV (first/second/third person) Punctuation Choice of examples used to prove argument

Major divisions • Formal or Informal? • Positive, negative, neutral, or ironic?

Positive Tone • • • • • Amiable Consoling Friendly Playful Amused Content Happy Pleasant Appreciative Dreamy Hopeful Proud Authoritative Ecstatic Impassioned Relaxed Benevolent Elated Jovial • • • • • Reverent Brave Elevated Joyful Romantic Calm Encouraging Jubilant Soothing Cheerful Energetic Lighthearted Surprised Cheery Enthusiastic Loving Sweet Compassionate Excited • • • Optimistic Sympathetic Complimentary Exuberant Passionate Vibrant Confident Fanciful Peaceful Whimsical

Negative Tone Words • • • • • Accusing Choleric Furious Quarrelsome Aggravated Coarse Harsh Shameful Agitated Cold Haughty Smooth Angry Condemnatory Hateful Snooty Apathetic Condescending Hurtful • • • • • Superficial Arrogant Contradictory Indignant Surly Artificial Critical Inflammatory Testy Audacious Desperate Insulting Threatening Belligerent Disappointed Irritated Tired Bitter Disgruntled • • • Manipulative Uninterested Boring Disgusted Obnoxious Wrathful Brash Outraged Childish Facetious Passive

Humor/Irony/Sarcasm • • • • Amused Droll Mock-heroic Sardonic Bantering Facetious Mocking Satiric Bitter Flippant Mock-serious Scornful Caustic • • • • Giddy Patronizing Sharp Comical Humorous Pompous Silly Condescending Insolent Quizzical Taunting Contemptuous Ironic • • • Ribald Teasing Critical Irreverent Ridiculing Whimsical Cynical Joking Wry Disdainful Malicious Sarcastic

Fear/Worry/Sorrow • • • • Aggravated Embarrassed Morose Resigned Agitated Fearful Mournful Anxious Foreboding Nervous Serious Apologetic Gloomy Numb Sober Apprehensive • • • • Grave Ominous Solemn Concerned Hollow Paranoid Somber Confused Hopeless Pessimistic Staid Dejected Horrific Pitiful Depressed Poignant • • • Despairing Melancholy Regretful Disturbed Miserable Remorseful Admonitory Callous Histrionic Obsequious Vexed

Neutral Tone Words • • • • Disinterested Dramatic Intimae Questioning Allusive Earnest Judgmental Reflective Apathetic Expectant Learned Reminiscent Authoritative Factual Loud Resigned • • • • Baffled Fervent Lyrical Restrained Formal Matter-of-fact Seductive Candid Forthright Meditative Sentimental Ceremonial Nostalgic Serious Clinical Objective • • • Consoling Sincere Contemplative Humble Patriotic Unemotional Persuasive Urgent Detached Informative Pleading

Tone is situational

Tone applies to all kinds of texts

Tone is essential to understanding meaning

Tone and Source Evaluation Recently, German analytical chemist Christoph von Bueltzingsloewen at the Universitaet Regensburg identified what may be key reasons why the dangers of DHMO are ever present. According to von Bueltzingsloewen, the chemical separation of dihydrogenoxide from the hazardous oxygendihydride is extremely difficult. The two similar compounds curiously occur in nearly equimolar distribution wherever they are found. It is not clear how the two contribute directly to the dangers inherent in Dihydrogen Monoxide, although von Bueltzingsloewen believes that a synergetic mechanism, catalyzed by traces of hydrogenhydroxide, plays a major role. Source: http: //www. dhmo. org/facts. html#CHEMICAL

Issues in determining tone • Irony/satire • Student does not understand the diction (assumes it is formal) • Nominalization in scholarly research • Formal tone ≠ reliability