Tolulade Adeofe Gated Spirometer 4172010 Spirometer A spirometer

Spirometer • A spirometer is a medical device used to measure the volume of

Necessity • Respiratory Disease is Common in underdeveloped nations – Tobacco use – Indoor/Outdoor

Necessity • As of 2007, 210 million people have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Current Devices • Complex electronic designs that measure many variables • Cost of production

Current Devices • Incentive Spirometer – Indicator provides gauge of how well patient’s lungs

Considerations • Low production and consumer costs • Ease of use • Easy to

Design • Dimensions: – 247. 65 mm x 100 mm – Mouthpiece: 30 mm

Results • Normal Parameters of Spirometer: – 35 cm x 10 cm – Due

Patents • No patents for device similar to this one • Patent for incentive

Future Directions • Device has patent potential • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grant

Final Words • Need for this device high in underdeveloped nations • Not a

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Tolulade Adeofe Gated Spirometer 4/17/2010

Spirometer • A spirometer is a medical device used to measure the volume of air inspired and expired by the lungs.

Necessity • Respiratory Disease is Common in underdeveloped nations – Tobacco use – Indoor/Outdoor air pollution – Occupational risks

Necessity • As of 2007, 210 million people have Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) • 90% of all COPD cases occur in underdeveloped nations • 80% of all deaths related to COPD occur in underdeveloped nations • By 2030 COPD will be 3 rd leading cause of death worlwide • • Muramoto, Myra; Lando, Harry. Faculty Development in tobacco cessation: Training health professionals and promoting tobacco control in developing countries. University of Arizona College of Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Public Health. Wiley Inter. Science, Volume 28, Issue 5, 2 September 2009. The World Health Organization. Global surveillance, prevention, and control of Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A comprehensive approach, 2007. http: //www. who. int

Current Devices • Complex electronic designs that measure many variables • Cost of production is high and unavailable to people in underveloped nations • $7 USD- >$500 USD • Average cost $ 8 USD • Average family in underdeveloped nation < $2 USD • The World Bank, http: //www. web. worldbank. org. Poverty Reduction and Equity.

Current Devices • Incentive Spirometer – Indicator provides gauge of how well patient’s lungs are functioning • Electronic Spirometer – Memory data recording – Precision improvements

Spirometers Currently Used

Considerations • Low production and consumer costs • Ease of use • Easy to interpret visual feedback

Design • Rectangular profile with hinged gates inside • Gates in front require less expiration than gates in back • As patient expires greater force of air the more gates lift which provides visual feedback • Optional dye/marker

Design • Dimensions: – 247. 65 mm x 100 mm – Mouthpiece: 30 mm (outer diameter) 25 mm (inner diameter) • Removable mouthpiece means device can be used by different patients

Results • Normal Parameters of Spirometer: – 35 cm x 10 cm – Due to restrictions on rapid prototyping machine off by approximately 5 inches in length • Gated mechanism is working and with airflow gates lift • Not exact due to length

Patents • No patents for device similar to this one • Patent for incentive spirometer filed on March 24, 1981 • Patents expire within 17 years of filing • Incentive Spirometer: United States Patent 4, 391, 283. http: //www. freepatentsonline. com

Future Directions • Device has patent potential • Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grant – Neglected Diseases unit under Global Health

Final Words • Need for this device high in underdeveloped nations • Not a cure/treatment but a diagnostic tool for at risk patients • Market for device only in underdeveloped nations • Easily standardized and mass produced