Todays Objectives Define a digestive system and what

Today’s Objectives • Define a digestive system and what it does • Identify parts of the digestive system and their functions • Difference between a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter • Identify the difference in digestive systems between Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter • Identify parts of the digestive system in a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant

Digestive System-What is it? • Consists of parts of the body involved in chewing and digesting food • Moves the digested feed through the animal’s body and absorbs the products of digestion

Parts of the digestive System • Mouth-where the food enters the animals body • Esophagus-tube like passage from the mouth to the stomach • Stomach-receives the feed and adds chemicals that help in the digestive process

Parts of the digestive system • Small Intestine- small tube that splits food molecules and absorbs nutrients • Large Intestine-larger in diameter and ends with the rectum • Rectum-end of GI tract, place where feces exits body

Digestive System Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter

Digestion in Ruminants •

What is a Ruminant? • Animals with more then one stomach • Chew their cud • Cows have 4 Compartment stomachs – Reticulum – Rumen – Omasum – Abomasum

Cattle Digestive System

Reticulum • Honeycomb lining • Collects hardware (nails, wires, etc. ) • Stores, sorts, and moves feed back to the esophagus for regurgitation

Rumen • • Papillae lining Functions as a storage vat Food is soaked, mixed, and fermented Some breakdown of feed through microbial action • Absorption of some nutrients

Omasum • • • AKA: Many plies Laminae lining (many folds) Reduces particle size Grinds Roughage Absorption of water

Abomasum • Only “true” stomach • Feed is mixed with gastric juices • Decrease p. H from 6 to 2. 5 – Denatures protein – Kills bacteria and Pathogens – Dissolves minerals

Digestion in Non-Ruminants

Swine Digestive System

Non-Ruminants • Monogastric System • Has only one compartment to the stomach • Process goes through the – Esophagus – Stomach – Small intestine- duodenum, jejunum, ileum – Large intestine: cecum (appendix in humans), colon, rectum

Hind-gut Fermenter • Enlarged Cecum – Acts as a rumen in ruminants – Not as efficient as rumen – Roughage feeds are digested by bacterial action • Animal eats less, but more often than ruminants • Animal is able to utilize roughages unlike non-ruminants

How digestion works • Feed passes from mouth to esophagus then to stomach • Partly digested food leaves stomach enters into small intestine – Splitting of foods molecules and absorption of nutrients – Stomach empties contents into small intestine known as the duodenum-jejunum-ileum

How digestion works • Small intestine to Large intestine – Colon prevents material in large intestine from moving back to small intestine • Cecum-(blind gut) does little for most animals except horses-roughage feeds digested by bacterial action

How Digestion Works • Large Intestine-absorbs water and nutrients that is not absorbed by the small intestine – Material that is not digested and absorbed in small intestine passes to large intestine – Adds mucus to enable the material to pass through easily – Empties into the rectum

In Conclusion • Ruminants and Non-Ruminants have different digestive systems • Why is the digestive system important? • How many stomachs does a Ruminant have? Non-Ruminant? • What makes a Horse different then other animals? • Category