Todays Flipped Lesson 1 WRAPPING UP PUNIC WAR

Today’s Flipped Lesson 1. WRAPPING UP PUNIC WAR #2 2. PUNIC WAR #3 WAS A QUICK HITTER 3. THE EFFECTS OF CONQUEST 4. TIBERIUS GRACCHUS

The Second Punic War As we saw yesterday, Hannibal was a tough enemy, but eventually, was defeated by the Romans. But his memory will live on. Rome wins – 201 BCE

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The Third Punic War 149 BCE Carthage regaining power Romans attacked Carthaginians were finished Rome attacked Corinth, Greece, for good measure.

264 BCE

50 BCE

120 AD

The Effects of Conquest Decline of the Roman Republic (135 BCE) Due to Hannibal Small Farms to Large Estates (latifundias) What was grown on these estates? What did this cause? Luxuries bought in other cities=Merchants grew poor Who worked the latifundias? Farmers lost land/independence Farmers moved to Rome – awful living conditions What did this cause? Government officials busy getting rich Rich---------------------------Poor

Roman Reform Next 100 years spent trying to improve Rome. REFORMERS Tribune Tiberius Gracchus (133 BCE) Limit land ownership Gave public lands to the poor Ran for a second term (against the law) Killed with his followers by the Senate.

Gaius Gracchus Tiberius’s younger brother, Tribune in 123 B. C. Had government take over sale of wheat and sell it to the poor below market price. Eventually, 1/3 Romans were receiving wheat for free Senate felt threatened and in 121 B. C. had him killed

Military Leadership - Gaius Marius GENERALS General who became consul in 107 B. C. First lower class Roman to be elected this high Opened the Army to everyone – provided jobs to the poor (made being a Roman soldier a full time job) Offered pay, land, pensions, and items. Loyalty was to the general that hired them, not Rome. Marius

Military Leadership - Lucius Sulla General who opposed Marius; Sulla took his army and seized the city. Civil War broke out, in the end Sulla made himself dictator of Rome. Believed power of Senate was key to end Rome’s troubles. Senators had more duties, power of Tribunes weakened. Generals could not have more than one year at a time. Sulla “Proscripted” all followers of Marius. A young Caesar was spared, was nervous, left Rome to join the army. 78 BCE Sulla dies. Caesar can return to Rome. Sulla

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