Today Quiz Latin American Independence Map Activity Quiz

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Today • Quiz • Latin American Independence • Map Activity

Today • Quiz • Latin American Independence • Map Activity

Quiz

Quiz

Latin American Independence • 1808 -1825

Latin American Independence • 1808 -1825

Latin American Society • Known as a sociedad de castas - based on racial

Latin American Society • Known as a sociedad de castas - based on racial origins: • peninsulares - born in Spanish government officials, church officials - the clergy: priests, monks • Creoles - born in America - controlled local economies, owned haciendas (plantations) and mines • Castas - mestizos and mulattos - those of mixed origins • Indians and African slaves

4 outside events that prompted it: • Enlightenment ideas of liberalism spread among Creoles

4 outside events that prompted it: • Enlightenment ideas of liberalism spread among Creoles • American Revolution showed how it could be done - inspired revolutionary leaders • French Revolution idea of “liberty, equality and fraternity”. • Fear of Haiti’s slave revolt made Creoles act quickly.

Short-term cause - What sparked it? • Napoleon forces invade Iberian Peninsula • Problem

Short-term cause - What sparked it? • Napoleon forces invade Iberian Peninsula • Problem of legitimacy • Peninsulares What is the legitimate government of Spain? do not recognize the government of Spain

3 separate revolutions: • Mexico • Northern South America: Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador •

3 separate revolutions: • Mexico • Northern South America: Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador • Southern South America: Argentina

Mexico • Mexico - Father Miguel de Hidalgo - leads Indians and mestizos -

Mexico • Mexico - Father Miguel de Hidalgo - leads Indians and mestizos - Creoles fear this • • Augustin de Iturbide Creole officer takes over proclaimed emperor of Mexico 1821 The rest of Central America separates from Mexico which becomes a republic.

Northern part of South America • Simon Bolivar - Bolivar The Liberator: wealthy Creole

Northern part of South America • Simon Bolivar - Bolivar The Liberator: wealthy Creole - creates Gran Colombia by 1830. • Is the George Washington of South America

Southern Cone of South America • Jose de San Martin Buenos Aires, Argentina and

Southern Cone of South America • Jose de San Martin Buenos Aires, Argentina and Chile, Peru • By 1825 all of Spanish South America had gained its political independence.

¡VIVA CHILE!

¡VIVA CHILE!

• • Brazil A totally different path to independence. Napoleon forces in Portugal

• • Brazil A totally different path to independence. Napoleon forces in Portugal leads royal family to move to Brazil - Rio de Janeiro. When king returns to Portugal, youngest son stays - warns him if independence comes he should lead it. He does - 1825 he becomes Dom Pedro I

Independence of Latin America • • • Except for Brazil - all become republics

Independence of Latin America • • • Except for Brazil - all become republics Mexico a temporary monarchy and then a republic Haitian revolution made Latin American revolutionaries very conservative - social revolutions were avoided

Early governments of Latin America Problems: social inequalities, disagreements over political representation and the

Early governments of Latin America Problems: social inequalities, disagreements over political representation and the role of the church and regionalism

Debate over political instability and struggling economies of Latin American nations: Nations have been

Debate over political instability and struggling economies of Latin American nations: Nations have been unable to rule themselves due to corrupt governments leading to a lack of economic development. VS. Western imperialist powers like the U. S. have interfered with these nations leading to neocolonialism.

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