TOBACCO Six types of tobacco products Cigarettes Chew

TOBACCO

Six types of tobacco products �Cigarettes �Chew �Snuff �Pipe �Cigars �Clove/herbal Cigarettes

Nicotine �Addictive ingredient in tobacco �Low doses-mild stimulant and muscle relaxant �Higher doses-powerful nerve poison � 60 mg of nicotine are enough to kill most people. 1 or 2 mg are inhaled when a cigarette is smoked.

TAR �Thick, black substance in tobacco smoke. �Coats inside of airways �Contains many carcinogens

Chemicals � 4000 chemicals in cigarette smoke � 40 of the chemicals are carcinogens (chemical agents that cause cancer)

Six of the dangerous chemicals found in tobacco smoke �Cyanide-poisonous gas used to develop photographs �Formaldehyde-substance used to preserve laboratory animals and as embalming fluid �Lead-dangerous metal

Continued: �Vinyl chloride-flammable gas used to make plastic products �Carbon monoxide-gas that blocks oxygen from getting into the bloodstream �Ammonia-chemical found in bathroom cleaners

Smokeless Tobacco �Snuff �Chewing tobacco �They contain: nicotine, tar, arsenic, nickel, benzopyrene, polonium �They lead to mouth sores, mouth cancer

Leukoplakia

Black Hairy Tongue

Short term effects (1 second for inhaled nicotine to get into the bloodstream) �Stimulates brain reward system �Increases heart rate and blood pressure �Increases breathing rate �Increases blood sugar levels �Stimulates the vomit reflex

Long term effects � 1. Addiction-changes the way the brain reward system functions � 2. Bronchitis-paralyzes then kills cilia so mucus builds up in lungs � 3. Emphysema-air cannot move in and out of the lungs because alveoli are damaged

4. Heart and Artery Disease �Nicotine increases heart rate, narrows blood vessels and eventually causes arteries to become hardened and clogged �Nearly 170, 000 die yearly

Healthy Unhealthy

5. Cancer �Types that can be caused from tobacco: Lung, Pancreas, Bladder, Cervix, Kidney, Oral, and Throat �Lung cancer often spreads to other parts of the body; leading cancer killer

6. Immune System Suppression �Reduces the activity of immune system �Leads to susceptibility to disease

7. Other �Excess stomach acid build up �Damage to stomach and small intestines �Stains on fingers and teeth �Mouth sores �Odor and tar film on clothes �Dulls senses of smell and taste

Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers �Sidestream smoke - smoke that escapes from the tip of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe �Mainstream smoke - smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by a tobacco smoker �Environmental tobacco smoke (second hand smoke) - both of the above

Dangers of Second hand smoke �Lung cancer-for every 8 smokers killed by their own smoking, 1 non-smoker is killed by exposure �Headaches, nausea, dizziness, reduced heart functions, asthma

Smoking during Pregnancy �Chemicals pass through placenta to fetus and affect fetus the same way they affect the mother �Can lead to miscarriage, premature birth, low birth weight �Baby at risk for SIDS �Can affect fetus brain development �May be addicted to nicotine at birth

Tobacco and Family �Over $1, 500 per year for buying tobacco products �Lost wages due to illness �Medical bills �Funeral costs (20% of premature deaths in the US are caused by tobacco use

Tobacco and Society �Estimated $138 billion per year (related to medical care that cannot be paid) �Insurance costs go up �Accidental fires

Law �Cannot sell to anyone under 18